Chapter 9

Question 1

economic legacy after the war

Answer 1

debt
more manufacturing opurtunities
profiteers
foreign trade (asia)
still hated taxes
british surpluses flooded market

Question 2

state level constitutions

Answer 2

not written docs, but defined the powers of gov, power derived, bill of rights
annual election of state legislature
weak executive and judicial branches
made after 2nd contiental congress

Question 3

mass state constitution

Answer 3

convention to draft, citizens to ratify, ect
imitated later when creating the US Const

Question 4

a of c

Answer 4

1st gov in the us
adopted in 1777, ratified in 1781
no executive or judical branch
unicameral legislature
1 state = 1 vote
13 states for amendment

Question 5

congressional powers of a of c

Answer 5

to wage war
make/sign treaties
send diplonatic representatives to foriegn nations
borrow money
(advise, advocate, appeal)

Question 6

strenghts of a of c

Answer 6

clearly outlined powers of central gov
held states together until better timing

Question 7

weaknesses of a of c

Answer 7

weak central gov
no power to regulate trade (led to interstate conflict and inflation)
no enforcement power to collect taxes
no common currency
weak military
debt/inflation
coundln’t command, coerce, or control

Question 8

land ordinace of 1785

Answer 8

land of O NW to ve sold and proceeds pay national debt
townships 6 mi (36 sections, 640 acres)
16th section set aside for a school
some land set aside as a source for federal revenue

Question 9

Old Northwest

Answer 9

ohio, illonios, michigan, wiscons, and indiana
ohio was 1st NW territory to become a state

Question 10

NW ordiance of 1787

Answer 10

< 5000 peeps = federal juristicion w/ appointed leaders
> 5,000 males = territory staus, able to elect local leaders
> 60,000 = ability to become state of = status as og 13 (needed approved state const)
forbade slavery N of Ohio R
encouraged education
angered NAI

Question 11

problems prompting change

Answer 11

financial crisis
little forgien respect
domestic upheaval

Question 12

no foreign respect

Answer 12

couldnt pay debts
coundlt unify in crisis
eng was bitter and allied w/ NAI and closed W Indies
spanish greed and closed Mississippi R
french demands for repayment

Question 13

shay’s rebellion

Answer 13

Mass 1786: Daniel shay led 2k war vets intent on shutting down courts so they could no longer take their farms
squashed but debtor relief laws passed

Question 14

demands of shay’s rebellion

Answer 14

issue paper money
lighten taxes
suspend property takeovers

Question 15

annapolis convenction

Answer 15

1786
virg decides to take action and calls a meeting
only 5 states send delegates
calls on Congress for revisison of A of C

Question 16

consitutional convention

Answer 16

may-sep 1787
all but RI
held in secrecy in Philly
COMMON NATIONALIST VIEWPOINT
goal was to reform A of C or create new gov
aimed to give central gov more power, especially in controlling tariffs

Question 17

convention of demigods

Answer 17

55 white, wealthy, young, professional males (19 owned slaves)
GW, Hamilton, Maddison, Franklin
not there: Jefferson, John Adams, Paine, Sam Adams, Hancock, and Patrick Henry due to international relations, weren’t chosen, or didnt want to be there
GW unanimouslu elected as chairman

Question 18

republicanism vs democracy

Answer 18

R favored land elites, power in the hands of few
D synonymous w/ “mob rule” and corrupt factions
debate on who can vote

Question 19

separation of powers

Answer 19

3 branches
legislative (make laws)
judicial (interpret said laws)
executive (enfoce laws)
each branch cheked and balanced each other

Question 20

federalism

Answer 20

division of powers b/w national and state govs

Question 21

virginia plan

Answer 21

strong, central gov
bicameral legislature where both chambers had rep according to pop

Question 22

new jersey plan

Answer 22

unicameral legislature
each state w/ equal vote

Question 23

great compromise

Answer 23

bicameral legislarure:
upper house (senate): each state gets 2 senators elected by state legislatures
lower house (hoise or reps): based on pop of each state and directly elected

Question 24

3/5 compromise

Answer 24

5 states requested slave pop be counted
each slave was counted as 3/5 a person
benefitted south for voting rights
benefitted north for tax collection
revote on the importation of slacves in 20 yrs (1806)

Question 25

federalists

Answer 25

strong, central gov
well-funded and politically organized
GW, Fanklin, Hamilton, Maddison
emphasized weakness of A of C
favored by the rich and educated

Question 26

anti federalists

Answer 26

states rights and weak central gov
argued for bill of rights
concern of gov having more power than british did
favored by small farmers and frontiersmen
George Mason, Patrick Henry, Hancock, George Clinton

Question 27

Federalist Papers

Answer 27

81 essays
educated and convinced public Const was good
Federalist #10: federalism
Federalist #51: checks and balances

Question 28

Bill of Rights

Answer 28

1st 10 ammendmens ratidied in 1791
guaranteed civil liberties

Question 29

conflict after shay’s rebellion

Answer 29

conservatives wanted a strogner gov to keep wealth
debtors wanted to keep everything the same so they wouldnt have to pay creditors
both agreed that A of C needed strenghtneing but differentiated over how

Question 30

demigods agreed…

Answer 30

economically: protection of private prop
politically: stronger gov w/ 3 branches, safegaurds against the mob, fed judges appt for life, pres elected indirectly

Question 31

democratic elements of the Const

Answer 31

gov was based on consent of the governed
powers of gov were limited
citizen virtue guaranteed liberty, justice and order

Question 32

ratifying the Const

Answer 32

needed 9 states
4 small states quickly ratified
Penn was 1st big state to do so
Mass was last one after Bill of Rights was agreed to be added

Question 33

4 laggard states

Answer 33

NY yieled when it realized it couldnt prosper away from the union
convention in N Caro ended w.out vote
RI had no convention
n hampshire

Question 34

pursuit of equality

Answer 34

states reduced prop holdings for voting
titles were more =
indentured servitude was gone by 1800
rediculed hereditary order

Question 35

separation of church and state

Answer 35

de-anglized and reformed Anglican church to Protestabt Episcopal Church
congressional church still had power in n eng

Question 36

slavery

Answer 36

several N states abloshed or weened it out
some S masters freed slaves
domestic slave trade flourished
laws discriminated against free blacks

Question 37

women

Answer 37

republican motherhood
started to become educated in order to raise their kids to be virtuous