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AREA 3 -DISPENSING AND INCOMPATIBILITIES > Physical Incompatibilities > Flashcards

Physical Incompatibilities Flashcards

1
Q

Physical Incompatibilities

A

Insolubility/Immiscibility
Polymorphism
Liquefaction
Sorption
Water Loss/Dehydration
Volatilization/Vaporization

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2
Q

Causes of Insolubility/Immiscibility

A

Salting-Out
Changes in temperature

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3
Q

slightly soluble non-electrolyte + water but an addition of an electrolyte which is more soluble will separate the two

A

Salting out

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4
Q

Examples of salting-out

A

Acacia mucilage + water
Hydroalcoholic mixture + NaCl
Alcohol + NaCl solution

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5
Q

Changes in temperature

A

Endothermic compounds
(Directly proportional)
Exothermic compounds (Inversely proportional)

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6
Q

Endothermic compounds

A

KCl, Boric acid
- increase in temp = increase in solubility

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7
Q

Exothermic compounds

A

Ca(OH2) is insoluble in H2O

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8
Q

Polymorphism

A

Monoclinic
Triclinic
Cubic
Tetragonal
Rhombic
Hexagonal

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9
Q

Monoclinic

A

Sucrose

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10
Q

Triclinic

A

Boric acid

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11
Q

Cubic

A

NaCl

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12
Q

Tetragonal

A

Urea

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13
Q

Rhombic

A

Iodine

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14
Q

Hexagonal

A

Iodoform

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15
Q

Active polymorph of chloramphenicol

A

B=metastable

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16
Q

Liquefaction

A

Eutexia
Hygroscopic
Deliquescent
Efflorescent

17
Q

A liquefaction of two or more substances combined by lowering each other’s MP

A

Eutexia

18
Q

Eutexia happens at what temperature

A

Room temperature

19
Q

Eutectic substances

A

Menthol
Camphor
Phenol
Thymol
Salol

20
Q

Intentional type of incompatibility

A

Eutexia

21
Q

Eutectic Mixtures

A

Emla
Liniments

22
Q

Emla

A

Lidocaine + Prilocaine
(cream)

23
Q

Liniments

A

Camphor + Menthol
Salol + Acetanilide (2:1)
Salol + MgCO3 (2:1)

24
Q

Absorb H2O

A

Hygroscopic
Deliquescent

25
Q

Release H2O for crystallization

A

Efflorescent

26
Q

Efflorescent substances

A

CuSO4
CaSO4
MgSO4
Na2CO3

27
Q

Solution to container

A

Sorption

28
Q

Sorption examples

A

Absorption
Adsorption

29
Q

Opposite of liquefaction

A

Water loss/Dehydration

30
Q

Examples of water loss/dehydration

A

Crumbling
Cracking
Syneresis
Increase potency

31
Q

Crumbling

A

Ointment

32
Q

Cracking

A

Emulsion

33
Q

Syneresis/Shrinkage

A

Gel

34
Q

Increase in potency

A

Solution/Suspension

35
Q

Examples of volatile substances

A

Volatile oils (Aldehyde and Ketone)
Alcohols
NTG
Ethers and Esters

AREA 3 -DISPENSING AND INCOMPATIBILITIES (32 decks)

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