2: Biochemistry

Question 1

Polar Solvent

Answer 1

Dissolves ionic bonds, large dipole moment, dissolve polar compounds

Question 2

Salts

Answer 2

Ionic compounds, electrolytes, vital for homeostasis

Question 3

Polymer

Answer 3

Chain of molecules

Question 4

Triglycerides

Answer 4

3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol. Used for energy storage

Question 5

Saturated Lipid

Answer 5

One covalent bond, linear structure

Question 6

Unsaturated Lipid

Answer 6

One or more double bonds cause a kink (non-linear, can’t pack together)

Question 7

Phospholipids

Answer 7

2 fatty acids, glycerol, and phosphorus group

Question 8

Steroids

Answer 8

Lipids with 4 interlocking ring structures

Question 9

Eicosanoids

Answer 9

Arachidonic acid in membranes, helps with clotting

Question 10

Protein

Answer 10

Chains of amino acids, held together by peptide bonds

Question 11

Levels of Protein Structure

Answer 11

Primary (linear), secondary (alpha helix or beta pleated sheets), tertiary (interactions between secondary), quaternary (how 2+ peptides interact)

Question 12

Fibrous vs. Globular

Answer 12

Strand-like, structural, and water insoluble vs. compast, sensitive, and water-soluble

Question 13

Denaturation

Answer 13

Globular proteins unfold due to extreme conditions

Question 14

Enzymes

Answer 14

Biological catalysts, speeds up reactions

Question 15

Nucleic Acid

Answer 15

Nucleotides, nitrogen bases, and phosphate groups

Question 16

ATP

Answer 16

Adenosine-triphosphate, captures energy in the body

Question 17

ADP

Answer 17

Adenosine-diphosphate, lost a phosphate group from ATP