Sem 2: Quiz 2 Grammar Part 2 (Futato Ch 24) Volitives Flashcards
What are volitives?
What are the three volitives?
verb forms that express the will of the speaker
(what someone wants to happen)
They exist in all three persons:
1st-person - Cohortative “Let me/us listen!”
2nd-person - Imperative “Listen!”
3rd-person - Jussive “Let him/her/them listen!”
How is the cohortative verb formed?
Formed by adding qamets-he afformative
to the imperfect form of a strong verb.
III-He weak verbs are identical to the imperfect:
What is the difference in the following translations?
- I will write
- Let me write
(#2 has the qamets-he ending on the impf, so it is cohortative)
What is the difference in the following translations?
- We will write
- Let us write
(#2 has the qamets-he ending on the impf, so it is cohortative)
What is the difference in the following translations?
- you(ms) will trust
- Trust!
(#2 has preformative removed from the impf, so it is imperative)
note that the impf had patakh as its theme vowel, so impv did too
How is the imperative verb formed?
Formed by removing the preformative from the 2nd-person imperfect (and applying the “rule of sheva” with the FS & MP)
Notes:
* if the impf has patakh as theme vowel, so does the impv
* works both for strong and for most weak imperatives
Translate:
Go!
Walk!
you(ms) form
root follows the I-Yod(vav) paradigm, behaving like yod-shin-vet
Translate:
Give!
you(ms) form
root follows the I-Nun paradigm
Translate:
Stand!
2ms
impv I-Gut
Translate:
Stand!
2fs
impv I-Gut
Translate:
Stand!
2mp
impv I-Gut
Translate:
Stand!
2fp
impv I-Gut
Translate:
Fall!
2ms
impv I-Nun
Translate:
Fall!
2fs
impv I-Nun
Translate:
Fall!
2mp
impv I-Nun