Sem 2: Quiz 4 Grammar Part 1 (Futato Ch 28-29) PIEL Verbs Flashcards
1
Q
Classify the four main types of Hebrew verbs
A
Qal - Active, Light
Piel - Active, Intensive
Hiphil - Active, Causitive
Niphil - Passive/Reflexive, Light
Hithpael RI; Pual PI; Hophal PC
2
Q
Overview: What should we know about Qal verbs?
A
- Translated active/light - normal form
- perfect identified by suffixes ah-tah-t-tiy, u-tem-ten-nu; typical 1Rv qamets except 2mp/2fp which is sheva
- imperfect has prefixes yi-ti-ti-ti-e, yi-ti-ti-ti-ni; theme vowel action verbs holem; stative verbs patakh
- Ptc 1Rv either holem or holem-vav, has suffix for mp, fs, fp (iym-et/ah-ot) ms no suffix
- Inf const is the impf with prefix removed (eh-oh)
- Inf abs has 1Rv qamets, 2Rv holem-vav (ah-oh)
3
Q
Overview: What should we know about Piel verbs?
A
- Translated active/intensive
- identified by dagesh in 2R
- WCI has NO dagesh after vav-patakh
- Ptc have mem-sheva preformative on the root
4
Q
Overview: What should we know about Hiphil verbs?
A
- Translated active/causitive
- Perfect is identified by preformative He _ _ _ ה
- WCI 2Rv is tsere _ ֵ _ וַ
- All other forms have 2Rv = hireq-yod _ י ִ _
5
Q
Overview: What should we know about Niphil verbs?
A
- Translated pass or reflex/light
- Perfect and participles have preformative nun _ _ _ נ
- WCI 2Rv is tsere _ ֵ _ וַ
- Niphal right triangle elsewhere (infix):
6
Q
How is Piel perfect different from Qal perfect?
A
- usually translated more intense and/or have a DO when qal would not
- 1Rv usually hireq
- has dagesh in 2R unless it is a gutteral (so 1Rv lengthens to tsere) and may not have dagesh if 2Rv = sheva
7
Q
How is Piel imperfect different from Qal imperfect?
A
- usually translated more intense and/or have** have a DO** when qal would not
- Pv = sheva (not hireq) ye-te-te-te-a, ye-te-te-te-ne
- 1Rv patakh
- 2R = doubled (dagesh) - can be missing if appears with a sheva
8
Q
How is Piel participle different from Qal ptc?
A
- has preformative mem-sheva
- Piel ptc has same form as a Piel imperfect w/o prefix, but with preformative mem
- 1Rv patakh
- 2R doubled (dagesh)
9
Q
What are the marks of the Piel WCI?
A
- Since the preformative takes a sheva in the Piel impf, its WCI 1R has NO dagesh
10
Q
Piel Perfect of II-Resh verbs and other II-Gut
A
- Dagesh under resh travels, so tsere is 1Rv, not hireq
- If a sheva would be under 2R, because it is a gutteral, it will be a composite sheva
- If 2R is gutteral other than resh, dagesh just disappears, so it displays virtual doubling
11
Q
Translate:
A
he will speak
piel verb imperfect
12
Q
Translate:
A
(and) he spoke
piel verb WCI