Sem 2: Quiz 4 Grammar Part 1 (Futato Ch 28-29) PIEL Verbs Flashcards

1
Q

Classify the four main types of Hebrew verbs

A

Qal - Active, Light
Piel - Active, Intensive
Hiphil - Active, Causitive
Niphil - Passive/Reflexive, Light

Hithpael RI; Pual PI; Hophal PC

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2
Q

Overview: What should we know about Qal verbs?

A
  • Translated active/light - normal form
  • perfect identified by suffixes ah-tah-t-tiy, u-tem-ten-nu; typical 1Rv qamets except 2mp/2fp which is sheva
  • imperfect has prefixes yi-ti-ti-ti-e, yi-ti-ti-ti-ni; theme vowel action verbs holem; stative verbs patakh
  • Ptc 1Rv either holem or holem-vav, has suffix for mp, fs, fp (iym-et/ah-ot) ms no suffix
  • Inf const is the impf with prefix removed (eh-oh)
  • Inf abs has 1Rv qamets, 2Rv holem-vav (ah-oh)
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3
Q

Overview: What should we know about Piel verbs?

A
  • Translated active/intensive
  • identified by dagesh in 2R
  • WCI has NO dagesh after vav-patakh
  • Ptc have mem-sheva preformative on the root
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4
Q

Overview: What should we know about Hiphil verbs?

A
  • Translated active/causitive
  • Perfect is identified by preformative He _ _ _ ה
  • WCI 2Rv is tsere _ ֵ _ וַ
  • All other forms have 2Rv = hireq-yod _ י ִ _
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5
Q

Overview: What should we know about Niphil verbs?

A
  • Translated pass or reflex/light
  • Perfect and participles have preformative nun _ _ _ נ
  • WCI 2Rv is tsere _ ֵ _ וַ
  • Niphal right triangle elsewhere (infix):
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6
Q

How is Piel perfect different from Qal perfect?

A
  • usually translated more intense and/or have a DO when qal would not
  • 1Rv usually hireq
  • has dagesh in 2R unless it is a gutteral (so 1Rv lengthens to tsere) and may not have dagesh if 2Rv = sheva
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7
Q

How is Piel imperfect different from Qal imperfect?

A
  • usually translated more intense and/or have** have a DO** when qal would not
  • Pv = sheva (not hireq) ye-te-te-te-a, ye-te-te-te-ne
  • 1Rv patakh
  • 2R = doubled (dagesh) - can be missing if appears with a sheva
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8
Q

How is Piel participle different from Qal ptc?

A
  • has preformative mem-sheva
  • Piel ptc has same form as a Piel imperfect w/o prefix, but with preformative mem
  • 1Rv patakh
  • 2R doubled (dagesh)
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9
Q

What are the marks of the Piel WCI?

A
  • Since the preformative takes a sheva in the Piel impf, its WCI 1R has NO dagesh
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10
Q

Piel Perfect of II-Resh verbs and other II-Gut

A
  • Dagesh under resh travels, so tsere is 1Rv, not hireq
  • If a sheva would be under 2R, because it is a gutteral, it will be a composite sheva
  • If 2R is gutteral other than resh, dagesh just disappears, so it displays virtual doubling
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11
Q

Translate:

A

he will speak

piel verb imperfect

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12
Q

Translate:

A

(and) he spoke

piel verb WCI

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