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phm701 > Exam 1 - Substance Abuse > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Substance Abuse Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three Cs of substance use disorder?

A

craving, control, and consequences

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2
Q

What is the MOA of ethanol? (3)

A

facilitates GABA transmission, increases dopamine, blocks NMDA receptor

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3
Q

What is the chronic effect of alcohol on GABA and glutamate, respectively?

A

reduces effectiveness of GABA receptors (down-regulation) and increases NMDA receptors (upregulation)

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4
Q

Which areas of the brain does alcohol affect first?

A

sophisticated before primitive

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5
Q

Explain ethanol pharmacokinetics? (3)

A

not protein bound, first order absorption, capacity limited metabolism

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6
Q

Define sensitization

A

increased response to a drug with repeated use

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7
Q

Define tolerance

A

diminution of drugs effect over time

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8
Q

What is the formula for creatinine-normalized drug level?

A

urine drug level/urine creatinine x 100

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9
Q

What is the MOA of benzodiazepines?

A

potentiate inhibitory action of GABA

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10
Q

What is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose?

A

flumazenil

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11
Q

What is the treatment for barbiturate overdose?

A

supportive only

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12
Q

What chemical is hard to catch on toxicology exams because of its short half-life?

A

GHB (Xyrem - CIII)

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13
Q

Will naloxone reverse xylazine overdose?

A

NO, it is not an opioid

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14
Q

What is the MOA of xylazine?

A

central alpha-2 adrenergic agonist

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15
Q

What are withdrawal symptoms of opiates?

A

lacrimation, rhinorrhea, mydriasis, piloerection, diaphoresis, diarrhea, fever, insomnia

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16
Q

What are methadone and buprenorphine major substrates of?

A

CYP3A4

17
Q

What is the withdrawal dosing for methadone detox?

A

20-80 mg, taper by 5-10 mg per day

18
Q

What are the three stages of treatment with buprenorphine?

A

induction, stabilization, and maintenance

19
Q

What is the withdrawal dosing for buprenorphine detox?

A

4-32 mg/day

20
Q

What is the Suboxone to Bunavail conversion ratio?

A

2 to 1

21
Q

What medication has a boxed warning from thromboembolic events and a REMS program?

A

Sublocade

phm701 (14 decks)

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