Seedless Plants

Question 1

What is the stomata?

Answer 1

Tiny pores in leaves where carbon dioxide enters and oxygen exits.

Question 2

What is xylem?

Answer 2

Conducts water and dissolved minerals upwards from roots to shoots.

Question 3

What is Pholem?

Answer 3

Moves sucrose and hormones throughout plant.

Question 4

Describe the Halplodiplontic life cycle.

Answer 4

Gametophytes generation which is the egg and sperm go through fertilization which produces a diploid zygote (mitosis). The zygote becomes the sporophyte generation which produces the spores and the spores go through meiosis and become the gametophyte generation once again.

Question 5

What is a sporophyte?

Answer 5

A spore producing plant.

Question 6

What happens to haploid spores?

Answer 6

They develop into gametophyte structures.

Question 7

What is meiosis?

Answer 7

A special type of cell division that produces the gametes such as sperm or egg cells.

Question 8

What is a gametophyte?

Answer 8

A gamete producing plant.

Question 9

What is mitosis?

Answer 9

Cell division that results in two daughter cells.

Question 10

What are gametes?

Answer 10

Sex cells (sperm and egg)

Question 11

What is a diploid zygote?

Answer 11

A cell that has two copies of each chromosome.

Question 12

What is a zygote?

Answer 12

Fertilized egg cell.

Question 13

What is a diploid sporophyte?

Answer 13

The individual formed when gametes fuse together during fertilization.

Question 14

What is a thallus?

Answer 14

Body of fungus.

Question 15

What is gametangia?

Answer 15

Structures in which gametes are produced. (Umbrella shaped)

Question 16

What are rhizoids?

Answer 16

Root like structures that anchor moss to rocks.

Question 17

What is archegonia?

Answer 17

Female gametangia (eggs)

Question 18

What is antheridia?

Answer 18

Make gametangia (sperm)

Question 19

What is vascular tissue?

Answer 19

Plant tissue that transports nutrients and water throughout plant. (Xylem and pholem)

Question 20

What are fiddleheads?

Answer 20

Young fronds that are tightly coiled.

Question 21

When did green algae and land plants share a MRCA?

Answer 21

Over 1BYA.

Question 22

What are the 2 groups of green algae?

Answer 22

Chlorophytes and charophytes.

Question 23

What are terrestrial adaptations?

Answer 23

1. Waxy cuticle and stomata protect from dessiccation.
2. Water moved using vascular tissue.
3. Increase in UV exposure caused increased mutation rate.
4. Shift to dominant diploid generation
5. Haplodiplontic life cycle

Question 24

What are the groups and subgroups of seedless plants?

Answer 24

1. Bryophyte (liverwort, moss, and hornwort)
2. Lycophyte ( scale tree, spike moss, club moss)
3. Ferns and friends/pterophyta (whisk ferns, ferns, and horsetails)