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anatomy exam 1 > HARD LECTURE > Flashcards

HARD LECTURE Flashcards

1
Q

What is this structure?

A

Mastoid process

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2
Q

What is this structure?

A

Superior Nuchal Line

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3
Q

What is this structure?

A

Inferior Nuchal line

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4
Q

What is the innervation of the Spenius Capitis and Cervicis

A

Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerves

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5
Q

What is the muscle action of the Splenius Capitis/Cervicis?

A

laterally flexes the neck and rotates the
head to side of active muscles

extend the head and neck

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6
Q

What is the innervation of all intrinsic back muscles?

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

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7
Q

What is the Proximal origin of Splenius Capitis and Cervicis

A

Nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7–T6 vertebrae

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8
Q

What is the Distal attachment of Spenius Capitis and Cervicis

A

cervicus: tubercles of TP of C1–C3 or C4 vertebrae

capitis: mastoid process of
temporal bone and lateral third of superior nuchal line of occipital
bone.

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9
Q

What are these muscles top to bottom?

A

top: Splenius Capitis

bottom: Splenius Cervicis

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10
Q

In general, what do the ventral rami innervate?

A

Innervate ventral body
wall and all limb parts

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11
Q

In general, what do the dorsal rami innervate?

A

Innervate skin and
muscles of back

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12
Q

What is the muscle action of the erector spinae group?

A

Unilaterally -
Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side
Bilaterally-
Extend the vertebral column

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13
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Erector Spinae

A

Common tendon (thoracolumbar fascia) that attaches to the posterior sacrum, iliac crest, and SP of the lumbar and last two thoracic vertebrae

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14
Q

What is the distal attachment of the erector spinae?

A

Ilicostalis: lower rib angles and cervical TP

Longissimus: between rib tubercles and angles to thoracic TP

Spinalis: upper thoracic SP and to cranium.

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15
Q

What is this muscle?

A

Spinalis

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16
Q

What is this muscle?

A

Longissimus

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17
Q

What is this muscle?

A

Iliocostalis

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18
Q

Name the 3 Erector Spinae in order of medial to lateral

A

Spinalis, Longissimus, Iliocostalis

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19
Q

What is the Spinalis in the thoracic region called?

A

Spinalis Thoracis

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20
Q

What is the longissimus in the cervical region called?

A

Longissimus Cervicis

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21
Q

What is this muscle called?

A

Multifidus

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22
Q

What is this muscle? (2 parts)

A

Rotatores, Brevis and Longus

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23
Q

The Transversospinalis Group consists of what muscles?

A

Multifidus, Rotatores, and Semispinalis Capitis

24
Q

What is this muscle?

A

Semispinalis Capitis

25
Q

What are these muscles left to right?

A

Multifidi and Rotatores

26
Q

which transversospinalis muscle is NOT found in the lumbar area?

A

Semispinalis

27
Q

What is the muscle action of the Rotatores?

A

Unilaterally: Rotate to opposite side

Bilaterally: Extend Vertebrae locally

May function as proprioception organ

28
Q

What is the SUPERIOR attachment of the rotatores?

A

SP of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebrae
(rotatores span 1-2 vertebrae)

29
Q

What is the INFERIOR attachment of the Rotatores?

A

TP of vertebrae

30
Q

What is the muscle action of the multifidi?

A

Unilaterally: rotate to opposite side.

Bilaterally: extend locally and stabilize spine locally

31
Q

What is the SUPERIOR attachment of the multifidi?

A

Multifidus: thickest in lumbar region; fibers pass obliquely superomedially to
entire length of SP, located 2–4 segments superior to proximal attachment

32
Q

What is the INFERIOR attachment of the multifidi?

A

arises from posterior sacrum, PSIS, aponeurosis of erector
spinae, SI ligaments,
** mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, TP of
T1–T3, articular processes of C4–C7**

33
Q

What is the muscle action of the Semispinalis Capitis? (thoracis, cervicis aswell)

A

Extends the head, neck, and thoracic spine
Rotates them contralaterally

34
Q

What is the SUPERIOR attachment of the Semispinalis Capitis (thoracis, cervicis aswell)

A

Fibers run superomedially to occipital bone and SP in thoracic and
cervical regions, spanning 4–6 segments.

35
Q

What is the INFERIOR attachment of the Semispinalis Capitis (thoracis, cervicis aswell)

A

TP of C4 to T12

36
Q

What is the muscle action of the Rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior
minor, and oblique capitis superior? (All the same)

A

rock and tilt the
head back into extension

37
Q

What is the muscle action of the Rectus capitis posterior major and oblique capitis
inferior together?

A

Rotate Head to the same side

38
Q

What is the muscle action of the Oblique capitis superior?

A

laterally flex the head to the
same side

39
Q

What are the two muscle actions of the Rectus capitis posterior major

A

Rock/Tilt + Rotate to same side

40
Q

What are the two muscle actions of the Oblique capitis superior

A

Rock/Tilt + Laterally flex to same side

41
Q

What is the innervation of the suboccipital group?

A

Suboccipital nerve (dorsal ramus of C1)

42
Q

What is this muscle?

A

Rectus capitis posterior
major

43
Q

What is this muscle?

A

Rectus capitis posterior minor

44
Q

What is this muscle?

A

Oblique capitis superior

45
Q

What is this muscle?

A

Oblique capitis inferior

46
Q

Which suboccipital muscle does not attach to the skull?

A

Oblique capitis inferior

47
Q

Identify the 3 parts of the suboccipital triangle

A
  1. Oblique Capitis Superior
  2. Oblique Capitis Inferior
  3. Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
48
Q

what are the contents of the Suboccipital Triangle? (What runs inside of it?)

A

The Suboccipital Nerve and the Vertebral Artery

49
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Rectus capitis posterior
major

A

Spinous process of
vertebra C2

50
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Obliquus capitis superior

A

Transverse process of
vertebra C1

50
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Rectus capitis posterior
minor

A

Posterior tubercle of
posterior arch of vertebra
C1 (atlas)

50
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Obliquus capitis inferior

A

Posterior tubercle of
posterior arch of vertebra
C2 (axis)

51
Q

What is the Distal attachment of the Rectus capitis posterior
major

A

Lateral part of inferior
nuchal line of occipital
bone

52
Q

What is the Distal attachment of the Rectus capitis posterior
minor

A

Medial part of inferior
nuchal line of occipital
bone

52
Q

What is the Distal attachment of the Obliquus capitis inferior

A

Transverse process of
vertebra C1 (atlas)

53
Q

What is the Distal attachment of the Obliquus capitis superior

A

Occipital bone between
superior and inferior
nuchal lines

54
Q
A

anatomy exam 1 (9 decks)

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