Skin and Body Membranes

Question 1

Body Membranes

Answer 1

Covers surfaces, lines body cavities, form protective sheets around organs

Question 2

Epithelial Membranes

Answer 2

-Cutaneous (skin) membrane,
mucous membranes Serous (vital organs and body cavities) membranes

Question 3

Connective tissue membranes

Answer 3

Soft areolar connective tissues; line the capsules surrounding joints providing smooth surface and secrete lubricating fluids

Question 4

Cutaneous Membranes

Answer 4

Differs from other membranes as it is exposed to air and dry

Question 5

Serous Membranes

Answer 5

Occurs in pairs; name depends on location

Question 6

Integumentary System

Answer 6

Integument: Covering
Protects deeper tissues from Mechanical, Chemical, Bacterial, Thermal damages, UV radiation, and Dessication (drying out)

Aids in heat loss/retention, excretion of uric acid, and synthesizes Vitamin D

Question 7

Epidermis

Answer 7

5 layers of skin called Strata

Question 8

Papillary Layer

Answer 8

Middle Layer of skin

Question 9

Reticular Layer

Answer 9

Deep layer of the skin; bulk of the dermis

Question 10

Subcutaneous Tissue

Answer 10

Lowest layer of the skin; made up of fat cells and connective tissues. Majority of body fat

Question 11

Dermis

Answer 11

Strong and stretchy envelope that holds the body together

Contains many blood vessels to help maintain body temp (98.6F)
Ex. When you shiver, your blood vessels expand

Question 11

Sebaceous glands

Answer 11

Oil glands throughout skin (besides palm and soles); ducts normally empty through hair follicles

Question 12

Sebum

Answer 12

Product of sebaceous glands; mixture of oily substances and fragmented cells

Keeps skin soft and prevents hair becoming brittle

Question 12

Sweat glands

Answer 12

Widely distributed in skin. Eccrine and Apocrine

Question 13

Eccrine

Answer 13

Sweat gland that covers majority of the body

Question 14

Apocrine

Answer 14

Covers Axillary (armpits) and genitals. Sweat real eases contains proteins and fatty acids

Develops during puberty

Question 15

Hair; Follicles

Answer 15

Millions scattered across the body that protect the body from foreign substances.

Ex. Eyelashes protect eyes

Lost majority of its use due to evolution (dealing with cold)

Question 16

1st layer Strata

Answer 16

Stratum Corneum

Question 17

2nd layer of Strata

Answer 17

Stratum Lucidum

Question 18

3rd layer of Strata

Answer 18

Stratum Granulosom

Question 19

4th layer of strata

Answer 19

Stratum Spinosum

Question 20

5th layer of strata

Answer 20

Stratum Basale

Question 21

Homeostatic Imbalance

Answer 21

Imbalances in the body that cause damages

Ex. Pimples

Question 22

Types of Damages

Answer 22

Mechanical, Chemical, Bacterial, and Thermal

Question 23

How the body reacts to Mechanical Damage

Answer 23

Contains keratin that toughens cells, contains pain receptors that alert nervous system to all possible damage

Question 24

How the body reacts to Chemical Damages

Answer 24

Relatively impermeable keritanized cells; contains pain receptors that alert nervous system to all possible damage

Question 25

How the body reacts to Chemical Damage

Answer 25

Phagocytes ingest foreign substances and pathogens, preventing them from penetrating deeper body tissues

Question 26

How the body prevents UV Radiation

Answer 26

Melanin produced by melanocytes offer protection

Question 27

How the body senses Thermal Damage

Answer 27

Heat/cold pain receptors

Question 28

How the body reacts to Desiccation

Answer 28

Contains waterproofing substances including keratin