Cognitive and Humanistic (Final Test)

Question 1

Cognitive Psychology

Answer 1

Acting and behaving because we THINK

Question 2

Personality

Answer 2

Individuals characteristics of feeling, thinking, and acting

Long lasting behavior

Question 3

Cognitive Psychology Key People

Answer 3

Jean Piaget
Albert Bandura
Lawrence Kohlberg

Question 4

Piaget’s Theory

Answer 4

4 stages of development

Children take an active role in learning

Question 5

Sensorimotor Stage

Answer 5

0-2 years old
- Sensory and motor development

• Object Permanence

Question 6

Pre-operational Stage

Answer 6

2-7 years old

-Animism: Inanimate objects have feelings

-Egocentrism: only understand their perspective

Question 7

Concrete Operational Stage

Answer 7

7-11 Years old

-Reversibility: Awareness that actions can be reversed

-Conservation: Understanding that something in different shape is still the same

Question 7

Formal Operational Stage

Answer 7

11 - Adulthood

-Deductive Reasoning: Ability to use general principles to determine an outcome

-Problem Solving

Question 7

Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory

Answer 7

Observation and Imitation creates Behavior

Question 8

Cognitive/Personal Factors

Answer 8

Beliefs, values, expectations social roles, along with biological and genetic influences

Question 9

Behaviors

Answer 9

Personal Actions

Question 10

Environmental Factors

Answer 10

Socializing

Question 11

Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development

Answer 11

A theory expanded on Jean Piaget’s that has 6 stages of moral development

Question 12

Moral Development

Answer 12

Knowing what is right and wrong

Question 13

Avoiding Punishment

Answer 13

Stage 1:
Children’s behavior and decisions are based on things that do not punish them

Question 14

Obtaining Rewards

Answer 14

Stage 2:
Children’s decisions are based on things that reward them

Question 15

Pleasing Others/Avoiding Dissaproval

Answer 15

Stage 3:
Children do things that will make others happy and not disapprove others.

Question 16

Respect Authority

Answer 16

Children act acceptable to society; following rules or laws

Question 17

Responding to the Rights of others

Answer 17

Children act to not infringe other’s rights

Question 18

Personal Principles

Answer 18

Children make their own decisions based on their own beliefs

Question 19

Humanistic Psychology

Answer 19

People are not driven by instinct or environment

We are active and are able to make choices

Question 20

Self-actualization

Answer 20

Reaching the full potential as unique human beings

Question 21

Humanistic Psychology Key People

Answer 21

Abraham Maslow
Carl Rogers

Question 22

Maslow’s Hiearchy of Needs

Answer 22

Layers of needs that need to be met

Question 23

Physiological Needs

Answer 23

Natural needs
breathing, food, water, etc.

Question 24

Safety Needs

Answer 24

Security in oneself for
Job, steady income, Emotional and Physical Attacks

Question 25

Love and Belonging Needs

Answer 25

Inclusion: Part of a group (friends)
Affection: Love and to be loved
Control: Influence over others

Question 26

Esteem Needs

Answer 26

Respect from others through awards, honors or status

Question 27

Self-Actualization Needs

Answer 27

Doing good for the world:
-Stop cruelty, exploitation
-Encourage talent in others
-Good human being
-Do work one considers good
-Take on responsibility
-Prefer intrinsic satisfaction
-Seek truth
-Unselfish love
-Be just