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GCSE PE > Soc 16 > Flashcards

Soc 16 Flashcards

1
Q

What do the arteries do

A

Take blood away from the heart

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2
Q

Describe an arterie

A

Thick walls that are more elastic then viens as they need to carry blood at a high pressure

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3
Q

What is the channel that the blood flows through called

A

The Lumen

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4
Q

Describe the polmonary arterie

A

The polmonary arterie arterie carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

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5
Q

What do veins do?

A

Carry deoxygenated blood back into the heart

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6
Q

Describe a vein

A

Much thinner walls then arteries, are not very elastic and carry blood at a lower pressure

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7
Q

What does the polmonary vein do?

A

It carries oxygenated blood back into the heart from the lungs

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8
Q

Describe a capilliaries

A

Microscopic - one cell thick

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9
Q

Whats the first step of the capilliaries job?

A

They carry oxygenated blood to the working muscles and then transfere oxygen and nutrients to the muscle

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10
Q

Whats the second job of capilliaries

A

They carry deoxygenated blood away from the muscles and dispose of waste producs

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11
Q

What are 2 different waste products that the capilliaries get rid of?

A

Carbon dioxide and lactic acid

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12
Q

What rythm does the heart beat in?

A

Lub dub

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13
Q

What is the first phase of the heart beating called?

A

Systolic phase

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14
Q

What is the second phase of the heart beating called?

A

Diastolic phase

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15
Q

What happens in the first phase of heart beat?

A

Blood is pumped from both atria into the ventricles (lub), both ventricles then contract (dub)

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16
Q

What is happening when (lub dub) occurs?

A

Deoxygenated blood leaves the right ventricle through the polmonary arterie towards the lungs whilst oxygenated blood leaves the left ventricle via the aorta out to the body

17
Q

What happens in the second phase of heart beat?

A

This is when the heart relaxes and refills with the atria filling with blood

18
Q

What do red blood cells do?

A

Transport oxygen around the body in blood

19
Q

What do red blood cells contain

A

Haemoglobin ( a red pigment ) which stores oxygen and carbon dioxide

20
Q

Sporting example that needs red blood cells

A

Long distance runner needing more oxygen when running

21
Q

Describe white blood cell

A

Bigger then red blood cells and are transparent

22
Q

What do white blood cells do

A

Defence system - produce antibodies that fight against infection and desieses

23
Q

Sporting example of white blood cells

A

If an athlete has a infection/disease they may not be able to train/perform

24
Q

How are platelets formed

A

They are formed in bone marrow

25
Q

What are platelets?

A

Tiny fragments that clump together to help clot blood and stop bleeding

26
Q

What happens when a blood vessel is cut

A

When a blood vessel is cut platelets rush to the area and swell into irregular shapes to clot the blood

27
Q

What is the main role of plasma?

A

To take nutrients, hormones and proteins to parts of the body that need it

28
Q

What is another job for plasma?

A

Carry waste products e.g. lactic acid. The plasma then helps remove it from the body

29
Q

What is the scientific name for a red blood cell?

A

Erythrocyte

30
Q

What is haemogoblin?

A

A red protine in blood that transports oxygen

31
Q

What is anaemia?

A

A condition where there is a lack of red cells or haemoglobin in the blood

32
Q

What is the scientific way to say white blood cell?

A

leukocyte

33
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

Agent that causes a diseases, such as a virus

34
Q

What is an antibody

A

Chemical that destroys a pathogen

35
Q

What is your immune system?

A

The structure and process in your body that stops diseases

36
Q

What is thrombokinase

A

Substance involving blood clotting

37
Q

What is plasma

A

Fluid in the blood

38
Q

What is serotonin

A

Hormone that triggers the clotting process

GCSE PE (24 decks)

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