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OB Ultrasound > Gynecologic sono final > Flashcards

Gynecologic sono final Flashcards

1
Q

When a sonographer discovers a bicornuate uterus, which area should also be evaluated?

A

kidneys

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2
Q

The outer serosal layer of the uterus is the…..

A

perimetrium (not parametrium)

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3
Q

Days 6-13 in the uterus are considered the __________ phase?

A

proliferative

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4
Q

The hormone primarily responsible for ovulation is ____________?

A

LH

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5
Q

The corpus luteum secretes_______.

A

progesterone

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6
Q

The ovary is attached to the uterine cornu by the ____________ ligament.

A

ovarian

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7
Q 
Which of the following is not a sonographic appearance associated with a benign cystic teratoma?
A. hyperechoic
B. plug
C. whorled appearance
D. tip of the iceburg
A

C. Whorled appearance

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8
Q 
Symptoms of PID generally do not include 
A. purulent vaginal discharge
B. dyspareunia
C. dyschezia
D. leukocytosis
A

C. Dyschezia

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9
Q 
Sonographic signs that ovulation has occurred do not include
A. cumulus oophorus
B. rapid decrease in follicular size
C. posterior cul de sac fluid
D. free fluid in pouch of douglas
A

A. Cumulus Oophorus

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10
Q

A patient with a pregnancy history of G3P2012 has had how many term deliveries?

A

2 ( not sure what this is )

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11
Q

The term “chocolate cyst” refers to a

A

endometrioma

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12
Q

The uterus and fallopian tubes are formed from the ____________ ducts.

A

paramesonephric (Mullerian)

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13
Q

Which of the following hormones is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?

A

luteinizing hormone

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14
Q 
Which of the following muscles that supports the pelvic structures is referred to as the pelvic diaphragm?
A. levator ani m.
B. obturator internus m.
C. iliopsoas m.
D. psoas major m.
A

A . levator ani muscle

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15
Q

The fallopian tubes extend from which part of the uterus?

A

cornua

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16
Q

Which of the following potential peritoneal spaces is also known as the pouch of douglas?

A

rectouterine pouch

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17
Q

The most common anomaly caused by failure of the mullerian ducts to fuse is

A

bicornuate uterus

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18
Q 
Which of the following is most suggestive of an ovarian malignancy?
A. mural nodules
B. thin septations
c. anechoic
D. increased vascular impedance
A

A. Mural nodules

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19
Q 
Which of the following will appear as a cyst in the cervical region of the uterus?
A. gartners duct cyst
B. cervical carcinoma
C. nabothian cyst
D. cervical myoma
A

Nabothian cyst

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20
Q 
Which of the following ovarian tumors is associated with GI primary malignancy?
A. dysgerminom
B. Krukenberg tumor
C. Brenner tumor
D. struma ovarii
A

Krukenberg tumor

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21
Q

Which of the following terms describes a patient who has never been pregnant?

A

nulligravida

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22
Q

The normal sonographic appearance of the uterus is:

A

hypoechoic myometrium with hyperechoic endometrium

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23
Q 
Which of the following would least likely exhibit posterior acoustic enhancement?
A. endometrioma
B. theca lutein cyst
C. parovarian cyst
D. ovarian fibroma
A

ovarian fibroma

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24
Q 
Meig's syndrome does not include \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A ovarian fibroma
B. uterine myoma
C. ascites
D. pleural effusion
A

B. uterine myoma

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25
Q

The appropriate method of measuring the endometrium is ________ on a ___________ image ?

A

AP, sagittal

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26
Q 
Which of the following vessels is also known as the hypogastric artery?
A. ovarian a.
B. internal iliac a.
C. internal iliac v.
D. external iliac a.
A

B. internal iliac a.

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27
Q 
Fluid in the posterior cul de sac is least likely to be associated with
A. ectopic preg.
B. uterine myoma
C. ovarian carcinoma
D. PID
A

B. uterine myoma

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28
Q 
Intermittent echoes seen sonographically at the posterior aspect of the urinary bladder during a pelvic sonogram most likely represent
A. ureteral jet phenomenon
B. side lobe artifacts
C. reverb 
D. debris w/i urinary bladder due to UTI
A

A. Ureteral jet

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29
Q

Which of the following is not true concerning ovarian teratoma (‘dermoid’)
A. encountered most frequently after 40 yoa
B. may have a fat-fluid level sonographically
c. may cast an acoustic shadow
D. may produce songraphic “tip of the iceburg” effect

A

A

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30
Q

Which of the following is not true regarding serous cystadenoma?
A. thin walled cyst with few septations
B. cast posterior acoustic shadow
C. may be large with measurements of 15-20 cm
D. may be bilateral

A

B

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31
Q

The left ovarian vein drains into the _________, and the right ovarian vein drains into the _______.

A

Left renal vein, IVC

32
Q 
Prominent endometrial echo compex may be seen do to all of the following except
A. hydrometra
B. ovarian granulosa cell tumor
c. endometrial carcinoma
D. endometritis
A

A. hydrometra

33
Q 
Which of the following ovarian masses does not secrete hormones?
A. arrhenoblastoma
B. theca luten cyst
C. thecoma
D. corpus luteum
A

B. theca lutein cyst

34
Q 
A fibroid located in the anterior portion of the myometrium would displace the endometrial echoes
A. anteriorly
B. inferiorly
c. posteriorly
D. supeiorly
A

C. posteriorly

35
Q

In a non-stimulated cycle, the maximum normal size of the dominant follicle before ovulation is______________mm

A

30

36
Q

Benign invasion of the endometrial glands and stroma into the myometrium is

A

adenomyosis

37
Q

Transvag. imaging can be used for all of the following except
A. “global” look at pelvis due to wide field of view
B. monitoring of follicular growth for infertility patients
C. assess internal contents of an ovarian mass
D. delineate pelvic anatomy in an obese patient

A

A.

38
Q 
Clinical and sonographic findings in Stein-Leventhal syndrome do not include
A. menorrhagia
B. infertility
C. string of pearls appearance
D. hirsuitism
A

A. menorrhagia

39
Q

The opening of the cervix into the vagina is the

A

external os

40
Q 
The parts of the uterus do not include
A. cervix
B. corpus
C. fundus
D. ampulla
A

D. ampulla

41
Q

Ovulation occurs in a typical menstrual cycle on day ________

A

14

42
Q 
Failure of fusion of the ulerian ducts can lead to  all of the following except
A. bicornuate uterus
B. uterus didelphys
C. T- shaped uterus
D. arcuate uterus
A

C. T-shaped

43
Q 
The ligament which attaches the ovary to the lateral pelvic wall and transits the ovarian vessels is 
A. Broad lig
B. infundibulopelvic lig
C. ovarian lig
D. gubernaculum
A

B. infundibulopelvic lig

44
Q 
Which of the following pelvic muscles is routinely imaged on pelvic sonography?
A. levator ani m
B. piriformis m
C. coccygeus m
D. quadratus luborum m
A

a. levator ani

45
Q 
Locations of uterine fibroids do not include
a. cervical
B. submucous
C. interstitial
D. tubal
A

D. tubal

46
Q

The hormone responsible for proliferation of the endometrium is

A

estrogen

47
Q 
Indications for saline infusion sonohysterography do not include
A. active PID
B. infertility
C. Asherman's syndrome
D. suspected septate uterus
A

A. active PID

48
Q

Sonographic characteristics of endometriomas include all of the following except
A. Solid ovarian mass with calcification
B. complex ovarian mass with thick irregular walls
C. cystic ovarian mass with posterior acoustic enhancement
D. duffusely echogenic adnexal mass with posterior enhancement

A

A solid ovarian mass with calcification

49
Q 
An 80 year old patient presents for sonographic evaluation for vaginal bleeding. which of the following is most important to obtain?
A. bilateral ovarian measurement
B. transverse uterine diameter
C. Doppler evaluation of radial ateries
D. endometrial thickness measurement
A

D. endometrial thickness measurement

50
Q

The gutters at the top of the vagina, which surround the cervix, are the

A

fornices

51
Q

The beginning of menses is know as

A

Menarche

52
Q

Days 6-13 in the ovary are which ovarian phase

A

follicular

53
Q 
The broad ligaments are best demonstrated sonographically
A. in a transverse plane
B. with overdistention of the bladder
C. with transvag. sonography
D. in the presence of ascites
A

D. in the presence of ascites

54
Q

The most dependant recess in the body is the

A

pouch of douglas

55
Q 
Which of the following ovarian mass does not secrete hormones?
A. corpus luteum
B. arrhenoblastoma
C. theca lutein cyst
D. thecoma
A

C. theca lutein cyst

56
Q

While scanning a 14 year old patient who has not yet reached menarche, a distended vagina is seen, filled with low level echoes. This sonographic appearance most likely represents ________, secondary to ___________
A. urine filling vagina, pubertal incontinence
B. pyocolpos, infection
C. hematocolpos, imperforate hymen
D. Gartner’s duct cyst, residual Wollfian duct remnants

A

C. hematocolpos, imperforate hymen

57
Q 
Serial sonograms are requested for a patient on Perganol. On day 27 of the cycle, multiple large septated cysts are seen bilaterally. This ovarian finding most likely represents
A. theca lutein cysts
B. corpus luteal cysts
C. bilateral TOA's
D. ectopic preg
A

A. theca lutein cysts

58
Q

Doppler can be useful in GYN sonographic exam for all of the following except
A. id of vessels from surrounding structures
B. id of ovarian torsion
C. recognition of patterns consistent with ovarian malignancy
D. ovulation prediction

A

D. ovulation prediction

59
Q

The most common tumor of the female pelvis is

A

myoma

60
Q 
Which of the following is a gonadotropic hormone?
A. progesterone
B. estrogen
c. testosterone
D. luteinizing hormone
A

D. luteinizing hormone

61
Q

The endometrium appears thickest during the __________ portion of the menstrual cycle

A

secretory

62
Q 
Increased serum estrogen levels clinically can be associated with all of the following songraphic findings except
a. thickened endometrium
B. ovarian mass
C. multiple ovarian follicles
D. hydrosalpinx
A

D. hydrosalpinx

63
Q

A blood test used to screen for ovarian cancer is

A

CA-125

64
Q 
Functions of the ovary do not include
A. production of mature ova
B. secretion of estrogen
C. secretion of progesterone
D. secretion of hCG
A

D. secretion of hCG

65
Q

The dominant hormone in the luteal phase of the ovary is

A

progesterone

66
Q

When examining a patient referred for “lost IUD string” it would be possible to see which of the following sonographicaly
A. nrmal endo without evidence of IUD
B. uterine perforation by IUD
C. IUD properly situated in uterine fundus
D. all the above

A

D All the above

67
Q 
If a mucinous ovarian malignancy ruptures, it could lead to the development of 
a. liver metastasis
B. endometriosis
C. pseudomyxoma peritonel
D. peritonitis
A

C. pseudomyxoma peritonel

68
Q

Which of the following is not true regarding management of the transducer for transvaginal sonography
A. transducer insertion may be by the sonographer, physician or patient
B. transducer should be covered by a condom with acoustic gel placed inside of the cover
C. transducer should be heat sterilized after exam
D. lubricating gel should be placed on the outside of the transducer cover prior to insertion

A

C.transducer should be heat sterilized after exam

69
Q 
Which of the following ovarian pathologies would least likely be bilateral
A. dermoid
B. theca lutein cyst
C. follicular cyst
D. polycystic ovary disease
A

follicular cyst

70
Q

The proportions of the uterine body and fundus to the uterine cervix in the adult are

A

2/3 body/fundus, 1/3 cervix

71
Q

The hormone responsible for the final maturation of the follicle and for ovulation is

A

LH

72
Q

The most common pelvic mass encountered during pregnancy is

A

corpus luteal cyst

73
Q 
In a patient complaining o fpelvic pain, fever and an increased WBC, a complex mass would most likely represent
A. endometrioma
B. pyosalpinx
C. TOA (tubo ovarian abcess)
D. teratoma
A

C TOA

74
Q 
A patient who has never had a menstrual period is said to have
A. menopause
B. precocious puberty
C. primary amenorrhea
D. secondary amenorrhea
A

C. primary amenorrhea

75
Q 
A fibroid is sonographically indistiguishable from 
A. leiomyosarcoma
B. nabothian cyst
C. adenomyosis
D. endometrial carcinoma
A

A. leiomyosarcoma

76
Q 
Which stage of endometriosis involves the ovaries?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
A

D. 3

77
Q 
Prominent endometrial echo complex may be seen due to all of the following except
A. hydrometra
B. ovarian granulosa cell tumor
C. endometrial carcinoma
D. endometritis
A

A. hydrometra

OB Ultrasound (24 decks)

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