Plant adaptations

Question 1

Leaves are broad

Answer 1

Large surface area exposed to light, increases rate of photosynthesis

Question 2

Palisade layer has lots of chloroplasts.

Answer 2

chloroplasts are nearer to the top of the leaf where they can get the most light

Question 3

upper epidermis is transparent

Answer 3

light can pass through it to the palisade layer

Question 4

xylem and phloem forming a network of vascular bundles

Answer 4

this provides the leaf with water for photosynthesis and takes away the glucose produced. They also help support the structure

Question 5

waxy cuticle

Answer 5

helps reduce water loss by evapouration

Question 6

tissues of leaves adapted for efficient gas exchange

Answer 6

lower epidermis has lots of stomata, which let CO2 diffuse directly into the leaf.

Question 7

Spongy mesophyll containing air spaces

Answer 7

increases the rate of diffusion of gases into and out of the leaf’s cells.

Question 8

How do spines on cacti help plants survive in hot environments

Answer 8

reduces the surface area for water loss by evaporation. Spines also help stop animals eating plants for water

Question 9

How do thick fleshy stems help plants survive in hot environements

Answer 9

stores water for the plant

Question 10

How have root hair cells adapted in favour of the plant

Answer 10

the hairs provide a larger surface area for mineral ions to be absorbed and they have a thin cell wall so that water absorption occurs more quickly