Endometrial Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What are the histological types of Endometrial Cancer?

A

1) Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

2) Endometrial carcinoma with squamous differentiation

3) Mucinous type

4) Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma (UPSC)

5) Clear Cell Carcinoma (CCC)

6) Squamous type

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2
Q

What is the rarest histological type of Endometrial Cancer?

A

Squamous type

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3
Q

What is the most common histological type of Endometrial Cancer?

A

Endometroid Adenocarcinoma

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4
Q

What are the 2 subtypes of endometrial cancer?

A

Type 1 & Type 2

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5
Q

Type 1 Histology refers to what histological type of endometrial cancer?

A

Endometroid Adenocarcinoma

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6
Q

At what menopausal stage, does Endometroid Adenocarcinoma affect women?

A

Perimenopausal women &
Premenopausal women

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7
Q

In terms of BMI, what type of women have Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma?

A

Obese women

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8
Q

What prognosis is given to women with Type 1 Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma?

A

Good Prognosis

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9
Q

What lesions are found in Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma?

A

Preinvasive lesions

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10
Q

Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma responds to what steroid hormone?

A

Estrogen

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11
Q

What is the precursor to Type 1 Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma?

A

Endometrial hyperplasia

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12
Q

According to WHO, what are the histological types of Endometrial Hyperplasia?

A

1) Typical hyperplasia / Hyperplasia without atypia (benign)

2) Atypical hyperplasia / Hyperplasia with atypia (malignant)

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13
Q

Type 2 Histology refers to what histological types of Endometrial Cancer?

A

1) Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma (UPSC)

2) Clear Cell Carcinoma (CCC)

3) Mucinous type

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14
Q

At what menopausal stage, does Type 2 Endometrial Cancer affect women?

A

Postmenopausal women

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15
Q

In terms of BMI, what type of women have Type 2 Endometrial Cancer?

A

Lean & Thin women

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16
Q

What prognosis is given to women with Type 2 Endometrial Cancer?

A

Bad prognosis

17
Q

What is the precursor to
Type 2 Endometrial Cancer?

A

Atrophic Endometritis

18
Q

What steroid hormone does Type 2 Endometrial Cancer NOT respond to?

A

Estrogen

19
Q

What is the average age of presentation for Endometrial Cancer?

A

60

20
Q

What is the most specific complaint in a Postmenopausal patient?

A

Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB)
- spotting

21
Q

What are the most common presenting complaint in a Perimenopausal patient?

A

Intermenstrual bleeding {AKA: Metrorrhagia}
OR

Heavy menstrual periods {AKA: Menorrhagia}

22
Q

What are the most common presenting complaint in a Premenopausal patient suspected of Endometrial Cancer?

A

♦ Heavy menstrual periods {AKA: Menorrhagia}

♦ Irregular periods

♦ Prolonged periods

23
Q

What signs may I find in a patient with endometrial cancer?

A

♦ Abdominal distention

♦ Abdominal lump (in advance stages)

♦ Pelvic pain (in advance stages)

♦ Simpson’s pain (in advance stages)

♦ Enlarged & fixed uterus

♦ Mass on cervix

♦ Mass in vagina

♦ Pelvic exam is often normal

24
Q

What is Simpson’s pain?

A

referred pain in the hypogastrium

25
Q

What are the other symptoms of Endometrial cancer?

A

♦ Pyometra

♦ Dirty vaginal discharge

26
Q

What lab investigations should be done in suspicion for Endometrial cancer?

A

♦ Beta hCG Test (for patients at childbearing age)

♦ Baseline CBC (to evaluate for anemia)

♦ Coagulation profile (for patients with features of bleeding disorders)

27
Q

How do I diagnose Endometrial Cancer

A

Endometrial biopsy and / or TVUS

28
Q

How do I Stage Endometrial Cancer?

A