14-1 The Brain

Question 1

What are the four major regions of the brain?

Answer 1

The cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon, and brainstem

Question 2

Which regions are in the dincephalon

Answer 2

Thalamus and hypothalmus

Question 3

What are the regions of the brain stem?

Answer 3

Midbrain
pons
medulla oblongata

Question 4

what is the largest portion of the brain

Answer 4

cerebrum

Question 5

What are the elevation and shallow grooves on the brain called?

Answer 5

Gyri and sulci

Question 6

What is the function of the gyri and sulci?

Answer 6

to increase surface area

Question 7

What are the deeper grooves called

Answer 7

fissues

Question 8

what is the function of fissures?

Answer 8

separate larger brain regions

Question 9

How many hemispheres does the cerebrum have?

Answer 9

2
left and right cerebral hemisphere

Question 10

Name the superficial layer that covers the cerebrum

Answer 10

thin superficial layer of gray matter called the cerebral cortex

Question 11

How many hemispheres does the cerebellum have?

Answer 11

2 hemispheres

Question 12

Name the layer that covers the cerebellum

Answer 12

cerebellar cortex

Question 13

What is the function of the cerebellum

Answer 13

in the coordination of skeletal muscle contractions and in the maintenance of normal muscle posture and balance

Question 14

What is the function of the thalamus?

Answer 14

contains relay and processing centers for sensory information.

Question 15

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

Answer 15

Regulator of homeostasis
It contains centers involved with emotions, autonomic function, and hormone production.

Question 16

What is connected to the hypothalamus via an infundibulum narrow stalk?

Answer 16

pituitary gland

Question 17

What is the epithalamus?

Answer 17

contains the pineal gland which secretes melatonin , etc

Question 18

What is the function of the midbrain?

Answer 18

It conveys motor impulses from the cerebellum to the cerebrum and spinal cord,
send sensory impulses from the spinal cord to the thalamus, regulates auditory and visual reflexes

Question 19

What is the function of the Pons?

Answer 19

Relays nerve impulses related to voluntary skeletal muscles movements from cerebrum to cerebellum

Question 20

What is the function of the medulla oblongata

Answer 20

The medulla oblongata also contains major centers that regulate autonomic function, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion

Question 21

The CNS begins as hollow cylinder known as

Answer 21

neural tube

Question 22

Name the primary brains that develop

Answer 22

the prosencephalon or “forebrain
the mesencephalon, or “midbrain
the rhombencephalon or hindbrain.”

Question 23

What does the prosencephalon form

Answer 23

prosencephalon forms the telencephalon () and the diencephalon. The telencephalon ultimately forms the cerebrum and the diencephalon forms the thalamus.

Question 24

What does the rhombencephalon form

Answer 24

portion of the rhombencephalon adjacent to the mesencephalon forms the metencephalon
The posterior portion of the metencephalon later becomes the cerebellum, and the anterior portion develops into the pons.

Question 25

List the four ventricles?

Answer 25

two lateral ventricles, then the third and fourth ventricles) and their passageways