14-2 Brain Protection and support Flashcards
What protects and support the brain?
brains are protected from physical forces by the bones of the cranium, membranes called the cranial meninges, blood-brain barrier, and cerebrospinal fluid.
What are the layers of the cranial meninges?
the cranial dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater—are continuous with the spinal meninges.
What are the three largest Dural folds and describe
Falx Cerebri - which is projected between the cerebral hemispheres and contains superior sagittal sinus and interior sagittal sinus
Tentorium cerebelli - which separates the cerebellum and cerebrum
Falx Cerebelli which divides the cerebellar hemispheres below the tentorium cerebelli.
What anchors the pia mater to the surface of the brain
astrocytes
What are the functions of the cerebrospinal fluid?
-Supporting the Brain
-Cushioning Delicate Neural Structures. CSF cushions the brain and spinal cord against physical trauma
-Transporting Nutrients, Chemical Messengers, and Wastes.
What is the name of the area in the ventricle that produces CSF?
Choroid plexus
Which cell produces CSF?
Ependymal cells
Discuss the formation and circulation of CSF.
CSF is a filtrate produced by the fluid leaking out of the capillaries in the choroid plexuses. The ependymal cells then secrete CSF into the ventricles. They also remove wastes from the CSF and adjust its composition over time. Because free exchange occurs between the interstitial fluid of the brain and the CSF in this way, changes in CNS function can produce changes in the composition of the CSF and vice versa
list the artery and vein that transport blood throughout the brain
vertebral and carotid arteries and flows back to the heart via the jugular vein
Which cell control the blood-brain barrier
astrocytes- by releasing chemicals that control permeability of endothelium
What are the four breaks in the blood-brain barrier
portions of the hypothalamus
posterior lobe of the pituitary gland
pineal gland
chloroid plexus
