1.4. Otorhinolaringology Flashcards
(35 cards)
Q
A
How to interpret Rinne’s test?
Air (>bone) = Normal conduction (positive).
Bone (>air) = Abnormal conduction (negative).
How to interpret Webers test?
Ipsilateral = Conductive.
Contralateral = Neurologic.
What are the risk factors for otosclerosis?
Forties (<40yo, 15-35yo)
Female
Family history (in 50%)
Fertile (worse in pregnancy)
What is the indications of otoacustic emissions exam?
Whenever one can’t perform a routine audiogram, like a baby, for example.
What is the result: Weber to one side.
Rhine normal on that side?
Sensorineural deafness on the opposite side.
What is the result: Weber to one side.
Rhine abnormal on that side?
Conductive deafness on that side.
How can a cholesteatoma be differentiated from malignant otitis externa?
Cholesteatoma: upper membrane, local symptoms, facial paralysis less frequent.
MOE: lower floor/membrane, more systemic symptoms, facial paralisis >50%.
How is the management for traumatic injuries of the pinna?
• If tympani ok: reassure.
• If tympani damage: ENT specialist.
What are the treatment for foreign objects in the ear?
Wax: olive oil, bicarbonate.
Sphere: hook.
Seed: suction.
Living insect: lidocaine, oilive oil, 70% Isopropyl alcohol.
What foreign objects in the ear need to be referred to the ENT specialist?
Superglue, Battery, Immortal insect.
What is the management in suspected cholesteatoma or malignant otitis externa?
Referral urgently to ENT specialist. There, it will be requested an audiogram and CT scan.
What is the treatment for Ramsay Hunt syndrome?
Aciclovir (within 3d), Prednisolone (within 2w), Amitriptiline (after 2w).
When should one prescribe antibiotics in acute sinusitis?
> 10d.
When should we review an tympanic membrane perforation?
6 weeks.
How is the management of Glue Ear?
Audiometry > 3 months observation > Grommets.
What is Glue Ear?
Otitis media with effusion (AKA serous otitis media).
Who is at higher risk of Glue Ear?
Down syndrome.
How do we differentiate between the main 4 types of peripheral vertigo?
Neuritis: flu / days.
Labirinthitis: tinnitus, hearing loss / days.
Meniere’s: fulnness, hearing loss / hours.
BPPV: triggered / minutes.
Schwannoma: numbness
How to perform and interprate Appley and McMurray tests?
See videos
question 37
What are the diagnosis and treatment for BPPV?
Diagnosis: Dix-Hallpike.
Treatment: Epley.
What are the main symptoms of Acoustic Neuroma?
(DVT) DEAFNESS, Vertigo, Tinnitus (CN8).
Facial palsy (CN7).
Ipsilateral double vision (CN6).
What are the main symptoms of Menieres disease?
(DVT) Deafness, VERTIGO, Tinnitus.
