14 Types of Ideological Bias Flashcards
(23 cards)
Spin
Vague, dramatic language ex) emerge, critical, offend, major, crucial, mocked, bragged, boasted
Unsubstantiated Claims
Unsupported claims; appear to be fact but do not have specific evidence
Opinion Statements
Presented as fact, use subjective language for personal opinions, beliefs, tastes, and preferences ex) good/better/best, could, dangerously, possibly, suggests, extreme
Sensationalism/Emotionalism
information is presented to give shock or make a deep impression ex) shocking, explosive, slams, rips, forcing, desperate, chaotic, warning
Mudslinging/Ad Hominem
When unfair/insulting things are said with the intent to damage reputation; hominem=Latin for “to the person”
Mind Reading
When writer assumes they know what another person thinks
Slant
Only tells part of the story or focuses on a particular angle, withholds the whole story
Flawed Logic
Faulty reasoning; misinterpreting opinions or arriving at a conclusion that is not justified
Bias by Omission
When media outlets choose not to cover something, omit information for another viewpoint or other perspectives
Omission of Source Attribution
Doesn’t back up claims ex) “baseless claims”
Bias by Story Choice & Placement
Story and viewpoint placement that reveals media bias; linked to omission and slant
Subjective Qualifying Adjectives
Characterize specific attributes ex) disturbing rise, awkward flaw, critical bill, serious accusations, troubling trend, harsh rebuke, baseless claim
Word Choice
Words and phrases that is used ex) riot/protest, woman/birthing person, pro-abortion/anti-abortion, gun rights/ gun control
Photo Bias
Can give hostile or favorable impression of subject
Negativity Bias
Reporters emphasize bad or negative news, or frame events in a negative light ex) stories about death, turmoil, struggle, & hardship
Fake News
information that either deliberately or unintentionally misleads people and distorts reality by spreading false or distorted information, hoaxes, propaganda, or misrepresentation of facts.
Authoritarian vs Liberatarian
border control, abortion, plastic bag bans, legalization of marijuana, gun ownership
Individualist vs Collectivist
personal freedoms or for the good of the group
Secular vs Religious
should the government uphold rules in religious texts? abortion, LGBTQ+, cultural norms, gender relations
Traditionalist vs Progressive
carrying on traditions or starting new ideas from outdated traditions ex) women in economic/political power or home life, nuclear family?
Elitist vs Populist
coastal elite vs rural/middle america
Rural vs Urban
midwestern farmer vs urban financer on issues such as gun control
National/Localist vs Globalist
should the integration of people, companies, and governments be on a worldwide scale or national/local scale
