Federalism Flashcards
(21 cards)
Federalism
A division of powers between the central government and regional governments.
Unitary system
retain all sovereign power over state or regional governments.
Enumerated/delegated powers
powers for the national government
Reserved powers
powers that belong to the states
Judicial Review
power to strike down as
unconstitutional acts of the national/state legislature and executive
Dual Federalism
the belief of having separate but equally powerful branches and levels of government
Cooperative Federalism
the belief of all the levels of government working together cooperatively to achieve and solve common problems; marble cake federalism
Marble Cake Federalism
cooperative federalism; powers between national and states not defined they are “mixed”
Layer Cake Federalism
clear powers between national and states
Creative Federalism
shifted power towards the national government by bypassing state governments and allowing the federal government to have direct control over statewide programs; picket fence federalism
Picket Fence Federalism
creative federalism
New Federalism
Reagan; more power was returned to the state in an effort to even out national and state governments
Bush Federalism
gave an extreme amount of power to the national government; was needed around 9/11
Judicial Federalism
the ability of the Supreme Court and judicial review to influence the type of federalism during a certain era
Fiscal Federalism
the offer of money from the national government to the states in the form of grants to promote national ends such as public welfare, environmental standards, and educational improvements
Categorical Grants
the national government providing money to the states for specific purposes
Block Grants
combined several categorical grants in broad policy areas into one general grant
Revenue Sharing
Nixon administration; provided money to states with no strings attatched
Progressive Federalism
Obama administration; allows the states to have greater control over issues normally reserved for the national government
Vertical Federalism
view of the central government having the supreme power over the land
Horizontal Federalism
view of the interactions and power being shared between the states in America
