Ch. 1-4 test Flashcards

1
Q

Methods of organizing, summarizing, and presenting data in an informative way.

A

Descriptive Statistics

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2
Q

Methods used to estimate a property of a population on the basis of a sample

A

Inferential Statistics

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3
Q

The entire set of individuals or objects of interest or the measurements obtained from all individuals or objects of interest

A

Population

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4
Q

A portion, or part of the population

A

Sample

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5
Q

What’s the difference between quantitative and qualitative

A

Qualitative is non-numeric and Quantitative is numeric

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6
Q

Variables that can only assume certain values and there are gaps between the values

A

Discrete variables

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7
Q

Variables that can assume any value within a specific range.

A

Continuous variables

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8
Q

Describe ordinal measurements

A

Ranked based on defined attribute or qualitative variable

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9
Q

Describe nominal measurements

A

Can only be classified and counted. Examples are labels or names

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10
Q

Describe interval measurements

A

The interval between values has to have meaning such as a known scale. Has no defined 0

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11
Q

Describe ratio measurements

A

Based on a scale of known measurements and has a meaningful zero

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12
Q

A grouping of qualitative data into mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive classes showing number of observations in each class

A

Frequency table

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13
Q

A graph that shows qualitative classes on the horizontal axis and the class frequency on the vertical axis

A

Bar chart

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14
Q

A chart that shows the proportion or percentage that each class represents of the total number of frequencies

A

Pie Chart

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15
Q

A grouping of quantitative data into mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive classes showing the number of observations in each class

A

Frequency distribution

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16
Q

Using a percentage to describe frequency distribution

A

Relative Frequency distribution

17
Q

A graph in which the classes are marked on the horizontal axis and the class frequencies on the vertical axis. Like a bar chart, but bars or adjacent with no space.

A

Histogram

18
Q

Shows the shape of a distribution and is similar to a histogram. uses a line to connect segments mid points

A

Frequency Polygon

19
Q
A

Cumulative Frequency Distribution

20
Q
A

Arithmetic mean

21
Q

The midpoint of the values after they have been ordered from the minimum to the maximum values

A

median

22
Q

Class of distribution with the highest frequency

A

mode

23
Q

A convenient way to compute the arithmetic mean when there are several observations of the same value

A

Weighted mean

24
Q

Used to find percentage change over time.

A

Geometric mean

25
Q

Dispersion the measures The maximum - the minimum value

A

Range

26
Q

The arithmetic mean of the square deviations form the mean

A

Variance

27
Q

The square root of the variance

A

Standard Deviation

28
Q

For any set of observations, the proportion of the values that lie within k standard deviations of the mean is at least 1-1/ksquared

A

Chebyshev’s theorem

29
Q

States that for a bell shaped frequency distribution, 68% of the observations will lie within plus or minus 1 SD, 95% within 2, and 99.7 within 3.

A

Empirical rule

30
Q

Summarizes the distribution of one variable by stacking dots at points on a number line that shows the values of the variable.

A

Dot plot

31
Q

Values of an ordered data set that divide the data into four intervals

A

Quartiles

32
Q

Values of an ordered data set that divide the data into 10 equal parts

A

Deciles

33
Q

Values of an ordered data set that divide the data into 100 intervals

A

Percentiles

34
Q

A graphic display that shows the general shape of a variables distribution based on 5 descriptive statistics, minimum, maximum, 1st & 3rd quartiles, and median.

A

Box Plot

35
Q

graphical technique used to show the relationship between two variables measured with interval or ratios scales

A

Scatter Diagram

36
Q

A table used to classify sample observations according to two identifiable characteristics

A

Contingency table