Problem Solving And Decision Making

Question 1

____ - specific procedure used to find a solution to a problem (like math, formulas, and recipes)

Answer 1

Algorithm

Question 2

_____ - a rule of thumb (cultural agreed upon thing that works) that one can use to find the answer to the problem (makes problem faster to solve, but not reliable)

Answer 2

Heuristic

Question 3

_______ reduction - we identify the goal and figure out the direction we must go in to achieve it (type of heuristic)

Answer 3

Difference reduction

Question 4

______ reduction - we know certain things we can do that will get us the results we need (breaks down the problem into parts and solve them individually)

Answer 4

Means-end reduction

Question 5

______ - We break down the problem into parts but at first we examine the final goal

Answer 5

Working backward

Question 6

_____ - compared two ideas, items, events, or situations. (Can help solve a Problem)

Answer 6

Analogy

Question 7

_____ - tendency to respond to a new problem the same way as we were able to solve a similar one in the past

Answer 7

Mental set

Question 8

_____ - tendency for us to only see an object for its intended use

Answer 8

Functional fixedness

Question 9

_____ bias - when you focus only on one aspect of the problem

Answer 9

Anchoring bias

Question 10

_____ bias - only finds solutions of problems that align with what we already believe

Answer 10

Confirmation bias

Question 11

_____ bias - leads one to say something was predictable even though it wasn’t

Answer 11

Hindsight bias

Question 12

_____ bias - the unintentional stereotyping of someone or something

Answer 12

Representative

Question 13

_____ - when we use a recent example or experience in order to make a decision (not the best way to solve a problem, ex: not eating at a restaurant bc the first time was bad)

Answer 13

Availability heuristic