Operant Conditioning Flashcards
____ - another form of associative learning in which the organism learns to do or not to do something based on the consequences
Operant conditioning
___ - what they get or lose as a result of the action and can be good or bad
Consequence
_____ - process by which a stimulus increases the likelihood a behavior will happen again (studied by B.F. Skinner, Skinner box)
Reinforcement
____ reinforcers - Ones that function due to the biological makeup of an organism (things to live like food/water)
Primary reinforcers
______ reinforcers - Have to be learned that they have value (money, attention, social approval)
Secondary reinforcers
_____ - Opposite of reinforcement, decreases the likelihood the behavior will continue
Punishment
Positive =
Negative =
Positive = Presenting a stimulus
Negative = Taking away a stimulus
____ reinforcement - Given everytime the behavior occurs
Continuous reinforcement
____ reinforcement - Given sometimes the behavior occurs
Partial reinforcement
_____ schedule - set amount of time between occurrences of something like a reward, result, or review (Ex: getting paycheck every 2 weeks)
Fixed-interval schedule
______ schedule - Where a response is rewarded after an unpredictable amount of time has passed (Ex: if your teacher gives you pop quizzes you’ll be more likely to study all the time)
Variable-interval schedule
______ schedule - reinforcement is given after a set number of times the behavior occurs (Ex: reward system at stores)
Fixed ratio schedule
_____ schedule - The reinforcement is given after differing numbers of times the behavior occurs (Ex: slot machines)
Variable ratio schedule
___- behavior is broken down into manageable steps
Shaping
____ - when each successive step must be learned on its own
Chaining
