Module 2: Introduction to Quantitative Chemistry Flashcards
What does the law of conservation of mass state?
Mass is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions.
What is the mole?
1 mole of each substance has different mass but contains the exact same number of particles.
What is the limiting reagent?
the compound with the lowest number of moles. It limits the quantity of product produced in a chemical reaction.
How do you calculate percentage yield?
percentage yield = actual (experimental) yield / theoretical yield x 100.
What does the molecular formula tell us?
- The type of atoms in a molecule
- The exact number of each type of atom in the molecule.
What does the empirical formula tell us?
- The type of atom in a molecule.
- The simplest ratio of the number of each atom in the molecule.
True or false: The ratio of the molecular formula is always a multiple of the empirical formula.
True
What is the equation used for dilution?
C1V1 = C2V2
What is the process of dillution?
Dilution decreases the concentration of a stock solution by adding more solvent to the solution (commonly water).
What is the volume space occupied by a gas dependant on?
Temperature, pressure, amount of gas.
What occurs to a gas as the temperature increases?
The molecules gain greater kinetic energy causing them to moving more rapidly and occupy a larger space
What occurs to gas molecules as pressure increases?
The molecules become more compressed and occupy a smaller space.
What is Boyle’s gas law?
P1V1 = P2V2
What is Gay-Lussac’s gas Law?
P1/T1 = P2/T2
What is Charles’s gas law?
V1/T1 = V2/T2
