Pantothenic Acid

Question 1

Describe Pantothenic Acid structure

Answer 1

beta-alanine and Pantoic acid, does not contain sulfur

Question 2

what does Pantothenic acid create

Answer 2

CoA

Question 3

Step 1 of Pantothenic to CoA

Answer 3

uses 1 ATP–> removal of side group of acid

Question 4

Step 2 of Pantothenic Acid to CoA

Answer 4

1 ATP–> addition of phosphate

Question 5

step 3 Pantothenic to CoA

Answer 5

release of CO2–> addition of reactive site on b-alanine side

Question 6

step 4 of Pantothenic acid to CoA

Answer 6

2 ATP–> removal of carboxyl group within the reactive site

Question 7

Food sources

Answer 7

present in all plant and animal foods

Question 9

how is Pantothenic acid usually found

Answer 9

as CoA component

Question 10

Explain the digestion

Answer 10

CoA is too large to digest so it is hydrolyzed to pantothenic acid

Question 11

Absorption of B5

Answer 11

passive diffusion in jejunum

Question 12

what is the bioavailability of B5

Answer 12

50%, decreases with supplements

Question 13

where does most CoA occur

Answer 13

red blood cells

Question 14

uptake of B5

Answer 14

sodium dependent within muscles and liver; facilitated within CNS, adipose, kidneys

Question 15

Function within cells

Answer 15

synthesize CoA

Question 16

How many ATPs can be created with 1 CoA

Answer 16

12

Question 17

Functions

Answer 17

needed for glycolysis and TCA, beta oxidation of fatty acids, synthesis of fatty acids

Question 18

Synthesis of Fatty Acids

Answer 18

Acetyl CoA cannot leave the mitochondria; OAA + Acetyl CoA–> Citrate +CoA used to leave mitochondria then reverse; FA synthesis may occur

Question 19

Acetylation of proteins

Answer 19

donation of LCFA to proteins; may protect from degradation

Question 20

Excretion

Answer 20

CoA is converted to pantothenate then excreted in urine

Question 21

DRI/AI

Answer 21

5 mg/d

Question 22

deficiency

Answer 22

Burning Feet syndrome, reported in people with severe malnutrition

Question 23

Toxicity

Answer 23

not reported; may increase niacinn excretion

Question 24

Assessment

Answer 24

Plasma pantothenic acid concentrations