General Definitions Flashcards
Islets
Groups of cells in pancreas
Gene V Cell Therapy
If extra DNA is added = gene therapy
If no DNA is added = cell therapy
For RNA therapies to be considered a GTMP
Must contain an mRNA, except in mRNA-based vaccines (only count as vaccines)
sCTMP (Somatic cell)
Substantially manipulated with intention of (non-homologous) use for a different function
ATMPs
Non-homologous use of both autologous and allogeneic cells
Mechanical heart valves compared to pig valves
Last longer than pig valves, which last 10-17 years, but requires blood thinners to prevent clotting
Adaptive immune system is made up of…
T cell and B cells
Loss of MHC1 antigen
Can cause destruction of host cell by NK cell
TLRS recognise…
PAMPs, as well as DAMPs
TLR9 recognises
Unmethylated CpG DNA
Positive Selection
Double positive cells (CD4+/CD8+) presented with self-antigens in the thymic cortex
Negative selection
Removes T-cells that bind strongly with “self” MHC.
T-cell independent activation via TLR recoginition
Is faster than T-cell dependent activation but yields lower affinity antibodies
Major histocompatibility complex
Set of closely linked polymorphic genes encoding cell surface proteins for the adaptive immune system
Graft versus Host Disease (GvHD)
Incompatibility in the transplant of immune cells and they attack the host cells (usually in bone marrow transplants)
