Lecture 9 9/19/23

Question 1

What are the three embryonic layers?

Answer 1

-ectoderm
-mesoderm
-endoderm

Question 2

Why is there a ventral portion of the abdominal cavity that “falls out?”

Answer 2

to allow for the GI tract to twist and turn to fill the cavity

Question 3

What tissue type do the body cavities form from?

Answer 3

mesoderm

Question 4

What structures form the diaphragm?

Answer 4

-2 pleuroperitoneal folds
-septum transversum

Question 5

How can an improperly formed diaphragm be distinguished from a diaphragm tear?

Answer 5

-improperly formed diaphragm will have a straight, clean edge
-diaphragm tear will have a jagged edge

Question 6

What are the characteristics of mesothelium?

Answer 6

-simple squamous cell layer
-comes from mesoderm
-lines the body cavities
-secretes serous fluid to act as lubrication

Question 7

What is the role of the anatomic pericardial sack?

Answer 7

to protect the heart from friction

Question 8

Why doesn’t the anatomic pericardial sack close all the way?

Answer 8

to allow for an opening for vessels and nerves to exit

Question 9

How do the anatomic pericardial sack and surgeon’s pericardial sack differ?

Answer 9

-anatomic pericardial sack includes just visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium
-surgeon’s pericardial sack also includes pericardial mediastinal pleura and fibrous pericardium

Question 10

What is the name for the cavity surrounding the heart?

Answer 10

pericardial cavity

Question 11

What is the name for the cavities surrounding the lungs?

Answer 11

pleural cavities

Question 12

What is the name for mesothelium surrounding the lungs?

Answer 12

pleura

Question 13

What is the name for mesothelium surrounding the heart?

Answer 13

pericardium

Question 14

What is the name for pleura up against the lungs?

Answer 14

visceral pleura/pulmonary pleura

Question 15

What is the name for pleura up against the body wall?

Answer 15

parietal pleura

Question 16

What is the name for pericardium up against the heart?

Answer 16

-visceral pericardium/epicardium

Question 17

What is the name for the pericardium facing the body?

Answer 17

parietal pericardium

Question 18

What are the four divisions of parietal pleura?

Answer 18

-costal pleura
-mediastinal pleura
-pericardial mediastinal pleura
-diaphragmatic pleura

Question 19

What are the three cavities within the thoracic cavity?

Answer 19

-2 pleural cavities
-pericardial cavity

Question 20

What is the mediastinum?

Answer 20

midline partition containing heart, trachea, and esophagus

Question 21

What is the fibrous pericardium?

Answer 21

fibrous connective tissue layer connecting the pleura and pericardium and supporting the squamous cell layers

Question 22

What is the relationship between organs and their associated cavities?

Answer 22

the organs are surrounded by the cavities but are not in the cavities