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Abdomen Sonography - DMSC 1105 > The Great Vessels > Flashcards

The Great Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three layers of the arteries?

A

tunica intima
tunica media
tunica adventitia

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2
Q

what is the vasa vasorum?

A

tiny vessels that supply blood to the arterial walls

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3
Q

what is the tunica intima?

A

the innermost layer of the arteries - made of endolithium

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4
Q

what is the tunica media?

A

the middle layer of the arteries
- made of smooth muscle tissue

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5
Q

what is the tunica anventitia?

A

the outermost layer of the arteries
- made of connective tissue

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6
Q

how are arteries created?

A

through splitting

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7
Q

arteries move blood _________ heart, and carry ___________

A

away from the heart and carry oxygenated blood

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8
Q

the _______ is the largest artery in the body

A

aorta

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9
Q

arteries withstand ___________ on walls than compared to veins

A

arteries withstand greater pressure

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10
Q

the aorta originates off the _______ of the heart

A

left ventricle

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11
Q

what are the sections of the aorta?

A

ascending, aortic arch, descending, thoracic, abdominal

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12
Q

where does the aorta end, and what does it split into? 1

A

ends at the level of the umbilicus, splits into the right and left common iliacs

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13
Q

what is bifurcation?

A

the division/splitting

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14
Q

what is the order of bifurcations as you go down the abdominal aorta?

A

1) The celiac trunk - 3 parts - hepatic artery, splenic artery, left gastric artery
2) SMA
3) renal arteries
4) IMA
5) iliac vessels

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15
Q

what vessels are part of the celiac trunk?

A

hepatic artery
splenic artery
left gastric artery

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16
Q

the SMA is located directly below the Renal arteries. T/F

A

false - the SMA bifurcates before the renal arteries

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17
Q

the SMA is NOT part of the celiac trunk. T/F

A

true

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18
Q

what happens to the diameter of the arteries as you move further from the heart?

A

the diameter decreases

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19
Q

muscular walls are found which type of vessel?

A

both - arteries are thicker

20
Q

what are the 3 types of arterie?

A

elastic
muscular
arteriole

21
Q

what are elastic arteries?

A

large and close to heart made of elastic fibres

22
Q

what are muscular arteries?

A

smaller in diameter
less elastic
more smooth muscle

23
Q

what are arterioles?

A

very small arteries that control the amount of blood flow and pressure

24
Q

______ carry blood towards the heart

A

veins

25
Q

deoxygenated blood is carried in the ______

A

veins

26
Q

the veins hold ______% of blood volume

A

60

27
Q

this type of vessel has thicker walls, smaller lumen and consists of a round shape, what is it?

A

arteries

28
Q

what is lumen?

A

the open area of the vessel - where the blood is

29
Q

arteries and veins have the same vascular wall composition. T/F

A

true - veins just have thinner walls

30
Q

this type of vessel has thinner walls, larger lumen and consists of a variable/flattened shape, what is it?

A

veins

31
Q

what type of vessel has valves?

A

veins

32
Q

veins are created by….

A

union

33
Q

what is the largest vein?

A

inferior vena cava

34
Q

where does the IVC terminate?

A

right atrium of the heart

35
Q

the IVC is created by…

A

the union of the iliac vessels at the level of the umbilicus

36
Q

the IVC is _______ of the midline

A

right

37
Q

what are 3 major variants of the IVC

A

duplicated IVC
left IVC
Azygous continuation of the IVC

38
Q

describe a duplicated IVC variant

A
  • most common variant
  • infrarenal portion with left channel entering the left renal vein
39
Q

describe left IVC variant

A
  • 2nd more common
  • drains to the L renal vein
  • suprarenal has normal anatomy
40
Q

describe the azygous continuation of the IVC

A
  • infrarenal IVC flows superiorly to into the hemiozygos or azygous veins
  • IVC does not course through the liver
41
Q

what is the normal pic of the position of the IVC and aorta?

A

red legs on top
blue arms on top

42
Q

what type of vein supplies blood to the liver?

A

main portal veins

43
Q

________ arises from the union of the SMV and the Splenic veins

A

portal veins

44
Q

the portal and ______ veins come together under the pancreas

A

splenic

45
Q

the portal confluence is what and where?

A

the coming together of the SMV and splenic vein - under the pancreas

Abdomen Sonography - DMSC 1105 (3 decks)

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