29 Alternative Models of Intelligence Flashcards
What are Howard Gardner’s 7 intelligences posited in “Frames of Mind”?
- Linguistic - language skills
- Logico-mathematical
- Spatial
- Musical
- Bodily-kinaesthetic - being able to use body well, like a dancer
- Interpersonal - understanding others
- Intrapersonal - understanding oneself
What two types of intelligence did Gardner add to his typology of 7 multiple intelligences in 1996?
- Naturalist - ability to interact with nature
9. Existentialist - spiritual IQ - ability to understand ones place in grand scheme of things
Is Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences widely accepted by psychologists?
Nope. He comes from an education background.
Does Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences include g?
No, he says g permeates everything.
What are Gardner’s 8 criteria for deeming an ability to be a type of intelligence?
- Potential isolation by brain damage
- Savants, prodigies –i.e. high splinter skill in one ability (Rainman)
- Identifiable core set of operations –mechanisms unique to that intelligence
- Distinctive developmental history - e.g. appears stage-wise, language first, then musical ability
- Evolutionary plausibility
- Support from psychological tasks - i.e. people good at one thing, not at other
- Support from psychometrics - e.g., factor analysis
- Susceptibility to encoding in a symbol system - e.g., musical notation, writing, numbers
What are the three broad process domains in Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of intelligence?
- Analytic/academic intelligence
- Creative intelligence
- Practical intelligence (common sense)
In Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory, what is analytic/academic intelligence?
The ability to “think critically, analyse and evaluate ideas, solve problems, make decisions”. (Relates to componential sub-theory)
In Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory, what is creative intelligence?
Ability to “go beyond what is given to generate novel and interesting ideas”. (Relates to experiential sub-theory).
In Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory, what is practical intelligence?
Ability to “make solutions effective, solve real-world, everyday problems, implement ideas”. (Relates to contextual sub-theory).
Which theorists apart from Sternberg include practical intelligence in their model?
No one. It’s kinda his thing.
What does Sternberg have to say about IQ tests?
They’re “convenient partial operationalisations of the construct of intelligence”.
What is the basis of Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory?
It comes from an information-processing approach (cognitive psych and specific task analyses) which examines the states and processes (components) that underlie intelligent thought.
What are the aspects of componential (analytic) sub-theory?
Metacomponents -
planning, monitoring, evaluation
Knowledge-acquisition components -
selective encoding,
combination (does this new info change my idea of the subject?),
comparison (does new info trump old?)
Performance components
- perceiving, generating, comparing
In componential (analytic) subtheory, intelligence is studied with respect to the _________ ________ of the individual
In componential (analytic) subtheory, intelligence is studied with respect to the internal world of the individual.
What is practical (contextual) sub-theory?
Ability to maximise fit between oneself and environment
Adaptation - to environment
Shaping - of environment
Selection - of environment
