Immunodeficiency Flashcards
Immune disorder associated with this pathogen: mycobaterium
cellular immunity
Immune disorder associated with this pathogen: gram + and gram - bacteria
neutrophil defect
Immune disorder associated with this pathogen: enterovirus
antibody defect
Immune disorder associated with this pathogen: staphylococcus
complement deficiency
Immune disorder associated with this pathogen: neisseria
complement deificency
Immune disorder associated with this pathogen: haemophilus influenza
antibody defects
Immune disorder associated with this pathogen: salmonella
type 1 cytokine defects and cell mediated defects
Immune disorder associated with this pathogen: mycoplasma
antibody defects
Immune disorder associated with this pathogen: herpes virus
defects with cell-mediated immunity
What are possible clinical clues to an underlying immunodeficiency? (x5)
- increased frequency of infections
- infection of unusual severity (aggressive Abs, surgical drainage)
- complicated infections (spread to other organ systems)
- infections of excessive duration
- infection by an unusual organism (eg fungi, intracellular)
B Cell (antibody) deficiency results in susceptibility to which infections (body system and pathogen)?
1) Recurrent sinopulmonary and gut infections:
- sinusitis, bronchitis, tonsilitis, otitis media
- bacterial pneumonia
- bronchiectasis (long-term)
- skin infections
- infectious diarrhoea
2) Infections by:
- polysaccharide encapsulated pyogenic organisms
- strep pneumoniae
- H influenzae type b
- strep pyogenes
- branhamella catarrhalis
- staph aureus
- giardia lamblia
- campylobacter jejuni
T cell deficiency results in infection by which pathogens/
Intracellular (as per AIDS)
- Fungi (eg mucosal candidiasis)
- Viruses: CMV, VZV, HSV, protozoa eg pneumocystis
- Listeria
Neutrophil/monocyte deficiency results in infection by which pathogens?
High grade bacterial infections
- Staph aureus
- Gram negative bacteria:
- E coli
- Proteus mirabilis
- Serratia marcescens
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa and cepacia
Fungi
- Invasive Aspergillus
- Systemic candidiasis
Complement pathway deficiencies result in which disease processes (for classical, alternate and terminal)?
Classical
- C1q, C1r, C1s : SLE
- C4 : SLE, GN
- C2 : SLE (50%), vascullitis, GN
- C3 : recurent pyogenic infections, GM, immune complex diseases
Alternate
- Properdin : Neisseria infections
- Factor D : other pyogenic infections
Terminal components
- C5, 6, 7, 8, 9 : disseminated Neisseria infections (gonococcal and meningococcal)
What investigations should be ordered (most appropriately) for a suspected Antibody Deficiency?
Ig levels (G, A, M, E)
EPG (total gamma reflects Ig)
B cell counts
Vaccine responsiveness
- antibodies to tetanus and diptheria (assume previous vaccination)
- dynamic antibody response to vaccination (polysaccharide antigen eg Pneumovax/Hib, or protein conjugate vaccine eg Prevenar)