Chapter 5

Question 1

all types of movement from one location to another, whether temporary or permanent or over short or long distances

Answer 1

mobility

Question 2

temporary, repetitive movements that recur on a regular basis

Answer 2

Circulation

Question 3

the permanent movement of people from one place to another

Answer 3

Human Migration

Question 4

movement away from a location

Answer 4

emigration

Question 5

movement to a location

Answer 5

immigration

Question 6

the difference between the number of emigrants and immigrants in a location, such as a city or a country

Answer 6

net migration

Question 7

a model that predicts the interaction between two or more places; geographers derived the model from Newton’s law of universal gravitation

Answer 7

gravity model

Question 8

a negative cause that compels someone to leave a location

Answer 8

push factor

Question 9

a positive cause that attracts someone to a new location

Answer 9

pull factor

Question 10

type of migration in which people make the choice to move to a new place

Answer 10

voluntary migration

Question 11

type of migration in which people are compelled to move by economic, political, environmental, or cultural factors

Answer 11

forced migration

Question 12

international migration in which people retain strong cultural, emotional, and financial ties with their countries of origin

Answer 12

transnational migration

Question 13

movement within a country’s borders

Answer 13

internal migration

Question 14

a concept that states that the longer a journey is, the more time, effort, and cost it will involve

Answer 14

friction of distance

Question 15

the movement of herds between pastures at cooler, higher elevations during the summer months and lower elevations during the winter

Answer 15

Transhumance

Question 16

type of migration in which people move to a location because others from their community have previously migrated there

Answer 16

chain migration

Question 17

series of smaller moves to get to the ultimate destination

Answer 17

step migration

Question 18

an occurrence that holds migrants back

Answer 18

intervening obstacle

Question 19

an occurrence that causes migrants to pause their journey by choice

Answer 19

intervening opportunity

Question 20

a migrant who travels to a new country as temporary labor

Answer 20

Guest workers

Question 21

migration pattern in which migrant workers move back and forth between their country of origin and the destination country where they work temporary jobs

Answer 21

circular migration

Question 22

a principle that describes how distance affects interactions between locations

Answer 22

distance decay

Question 23

a person who is forced to leave his or her country for fear of persecution or death

Answer 23

Refugees

Question 24

the right to protection in a country

Answer 24

asylum

Question 25

person who has been forced to flee his or her home but remains within the country’s borders

Answer 25

internally displaced

Question 26

defined by the United Nations as “the recruitment, transportation, harboring, or receipt of persons by improper means (such as force, abduction, fraud, or coercion)”

Answer 26

Human trafficking

Question 27

to return to one’s home country

Answer 27

repatriate

Question 28

movement from one region of the country to another

Answer 28

interregional migration

Question 29

movement within one region of the country

Answer 29

intraregional migration

Question 30

limit on the number of immigrants allowed into the country each year

Answer 30

quotas

Question 31

networks of relatives and friends

Answer 31

kinship links

Question 32

a shortage of people trained in a particular industry

Answer 32

skills gap

Question 33

money earned by an emigrant abroad and sent back to his or her home country

Answer 33

remittance

Question 34

the loss of trained or educated people to the lure of work in another—often richer—country

Answer 34

brain drain

Question 35

the spread of culture traits through the movement of people

Answer 35

relocation diffusion