Unit 2 Vocab

Question 1

where people live in a geographic area

Answer 1

population distribution

Question 2

spread out

Answer 2

dispersed

Question 3

the long-term patterns of weather in a particular area

Answer 3

Climate

Question 4

a climate with moderate temperatures and adequate precipitation amounts

Answer 4

temperate climate

Question 5

the natural features of Earth’s surface

Answer 5

landforms

Question 6

the permanent movement of people from one place to another

Answer 6

human migration

Question 7

the number of people occupying a unit of land

Answer 7

population density

Question 8

the total number of people per unit area of land; also called crude density

Answer 8

arithmetic density

Question 9

the total number of people per unit of arable land

Answer 9

physiological density

Question 10

land that can be used to grow crops

Answer 10

arable land

Question 11

the total number of farmers per unit of arable land

Answer 11

agricultural density

Question 12

an agricultural practice that provides crops or livestock for only the farmers’ families and close community

Answer 12

subsistence agriculture,

Question 13

the maximum population size an environment can sustain

Answer 13

carrying capacity

Question 14

the number of people in a dependent age group (under age 15 or age 65 and older) divided by the number of people in the working-age group (age 15 to 64), multiplied by 100

Answer 14

dependency ratio

Question 15

the proportion of males to females in a population

Answer 15

sex ratio

Question 16

data about the structures and characteristics of human populations

Answer 16

demographics

Question 17

the ability to produce children

Answer 17

fertility

Question 18

the number of births in a given year per 1,000 people in a given population

Answer 18

crude birth rate (CBR)

Question 19

the average number of children one woman in a given region will have during her child-bearing years (ages 15 to 49)

Answer 19

total fertility rate (TFR)

Question 20

deaths as a component of population change

Answer 20

mortality

Question 21

the number of deaths in a given year per 1,000 people in a given population

Answer 21

crude death rate (CDR)

Question 22

the number of deaths of children under the age of 1 per 1,000 live births

Answer 22

infant mortality rate (IMR)

Question 23

the average number of years a person is expected to live

Answer 23

life expectancy

Question 24

a graph that shows the age-sex distribution of a given population

Answer 24

population pyramid

Question 25

rate at which a population grows as the result of the difference between the crude birth rate and the crude death rate

Answer 25

rate of natural increase (RNI)

Question 26

the number of years in which a population growing at a certain rate would double

Answer 26

doubling time

Question 27

urban growth and development

Answer 27

urbanization

Question 28

the condition in which population growth outstrips the resources needed to support life

Answer 28

overpopulation

Question 29

describing the theory related to the idea that population growth is unsustainable and that the future population cannot be supported by Earth’s resources

Answer 29

Neo-Malthusian

Question 30

a model that represents shifts in the growth of the world’s populations, based on population trends related to birth rate and death rate

Answer 30

demographic transition model (DTM)

Question 31

a model that describes changes in fertility, mortality, life expectancy, and population age distribution, largely as the result of changes in causes of death

Answer 31

epidemiological transition model (ETM)

Question 32

describing attitudes or policies that discourage childbearing as a means of limiting population growth

Answer 32

antinatalist

Question 33

describing attitudes or policies that encourage childbearing as a means of spurring population growth

Answer 33

pronatalist

Question 34

long-term damage to the soil’s ability to support life

Answer 34

land degradation