Unit 1 Terms

Question 1

Primary Source

Answer 1

Direct evidence from the past , created in the past by people who participated in events.

Question 2

Secondary Source

Answer 2

Recreations of the past created by historians and other scholars. (Which is based on PS)

Question 3

Usable Past

Answer 3

Using the past to create an identity in the present. (Our Origin Story)

Question 4

George Bancroft (Historian)

Answer 4

First Historian of the USA. He wrote the first US History Novel. Started writing it in the 1830s. Which started from Christopher Columbus.)

Question 5

Manifest Destiny

Answer 5

Americans have the god-given right to go to the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

Question 6

The New Immigration 1870-1920

Answer 6

A whole bunch of people coming to America. (20 million people come over which are people from new places)
-Discrimination and Hostility
-New religions which leads to Anti-Catholisim… not good to democracy.

Question 7

Knights of Columbus (1882)

Answer 7

Social & Charity events. Helped catholic immigrants coming into America.

Question 8

Leif Erikson (1887)

Answer 8

Wealthy people had commissioned this Boston Statues that was against Catholicism. They wanted history to start with Leif Erickson.

Question 9

Christopher Colombus Day

Answer 9

-1934
-Becomes a national Holiday… “diversity”
-A symbol for Italian-American Pride

Question 10

Indigenous Peoples Day

Answer 10

A day to commemorate what was lost. To show recognition of the destruction of Christopher Columbus.

Question 11

Portugal

Answer 11

A leader named Prince Henry (mid 1400s), wants Portugal to sail to China and India.

Question 12

Prince Henry the Navigator

Answer 12

Finding ways to improve sailing technology. New technology invented for traveling. He was a main investor to the traveling.

Question 13

Christopher Colombus

Answer 13

-Lived from 1451 to 1506.
-Was born in the Italian city Genoa. Very religious and wants to become famous wealthy.
-Reconstruction of the map by Paolo dal Pozzo 1474.
-Spain says “yes” to his first Voyage

Question 14

Ferdinand & Isabella (King and Queen of Spain)

Answer 14

When they got married they created Spain (East +Castile=Spain)
-Wanted to spread Catholicism.
-Their goal was to build a wealthy and powerful Spain.
-Passed a law that forced everyone to be Catholic

Question 15

Gulf Stream

Answer 15

Currents that pushed sailors South. Columbus learned how to beat the Gulf Streams overall.
-Takes 10 weeks from Portuguese to the Caribbean
-On Colombu’s first voyage he had 3 ships.

Question 16

Christopher Colombus 4 Voyages

Answer 16

-1492: 1st Voyage (3 ships & saw new people)
-1493: 2nd Voyage (17 ships & 1,500 men) (Took control of land, which leads him to be governor and nobles men) (New Spain: gets 10% of gold)
1498: 3rd voyage
1502: 4th voyage (the last one)

Question 17

Taino Arawak

Answer 17

Indians that had been enslaved by Christopher Columbus
Forced to bring him gold

Question 18

Encomienda System

Answer 18

Spanish soldiers from 3rd & 4th voyage would be given land to enslave the people on there land and would be there source of income (mining, farming, and etc.)
Colombus still gets 10% of everything
Did not allow Taino to convert to Christianity because it would grant them freedom

Question 19

Bartolomé de las Casas

Answer 19

He was a soldier but had experienced the real Columbus tactics which had traumatized him.
He became a priest and had attempted to do reforms

Question 20

Black Legend

Answer 20

The British, French, and Europeans had said it was just criticism from Bartolome de las casa. But now we know it wasn’t a legend…

Question 21

Aztec-Tenochtitlan

Answer 21

Spanish colonials (Mexico Empire) Had one of the largest cities in the world (Mexico City-Tenochtitlan) They were a huge society that had been conquering other Mexican cities.

Question 22

Columbium Exchange

Answer 22

An exchange/trading of different items between the new world and the old world

Question 23

Old World to New World

Answer 23

Animals: Horses, Cattles, pigs, sheep, goats, and chickens.

Plants: Rice, Wheats, barely, oats, coffee, melons, grapes, daisies, bananas, dandelions, and bluegrass.

Disease: Smallpox, typhus, diphtheria, bubonic plague, malaria, cholera, yellow fever, and leprosy.

Question 24

New World to Old World

Answer 24

Animals: Turkeys, llamas, guinea pigs, and Alpacas

Plants: Maize, potatoes, squash, green beans, kidney beans, peppers, tomatoes, pineapples, avocados, chocolate, peanuts, other fruits.

Disease: Syphillis

Question 25

Impact of the Colombian Exchange

Answer 25

1. Revolutionized diets in both worlds.
2. Improving nutrition leads to global population growth.
3. Infectious disease devastated the Amerindian populations. Which enabled the Spanish to take control and led to the importation of slaves.

Question 26

Alfred Crosby

Answer 26

Had created the book based on the Colombian Exchange. Especially about the environmental affect.

Question 27

Small Pox

Answer 27

Does not always kill you, but can make you blind. Killed about 90% to 80% of Indians of the new world because of disease.

Question 28

Transatlantic Slave Trade

Answer 28

After all the Indian workers had died there was a need of working hands. Which leads to the beginning cusp of slavery. Slave trade dominated the Portuguese.
*Alonso de Zuazo 1522 wrote about bringing slavery.