chapter 2

Question 1

the basic unit of matter

Answer 1

Atom

Question 2

the center of an atom, which contains the protons and neutrons

Answer 2

Nucleus

Question 3

negatively charged particle; located in the space surrounding the nucleus

Answer 3

Electron

Question 4

one of several forms of a single element, which contains the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Answer 4

Isotope

Question 5

chemical bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

Answer 5

Ionic bond

Question 6

type of bond between atoms in which the electrons are shared

Answer 6

covalent bond

Question 7

attraction between molecules of the same substance

Answer 7

cohesion

Question 8

force of attraction between different kinds of molecules

Answer 8

adhesion

Question 9

material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined

Answer 9

mixture

Question 10

type of mixture in which all the components are evenly distributed

Answer 10

solution

Question 11

scale with values from 0 to 14, used to measure the concentration of H+ ions in a solution; a pH of 0 to 7 is acidic, a pH of 7 is neutral, and a pH of 7 to 14 is basic

Answer 11

ph scale

Question 12

small chemical unit that makes up a polymer

Answer 12

monomer

Question 13

molecules composed of many monomers; makes up macromolecules

Answer 13

polymer

Question 14

process that changes, or transforms, one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals

Answer 14

chemical reaction

Question 15

protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions

Answer 15

enzyme