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Uncategorized > ch. 2 & 3 review > Flashcards

ch. 2 & 3 review Flashcards

1
Q

how to form the mandato positive informal (tú)

A

third person form

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2
Q

how to form the mandato negative informal (tú)

A

yo form
drop o
add alternate ending ex. ar to er, er/ir to ar
add no at the beginning

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3
Q

you say

A

di

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4
Q

you do/make

A

haz

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5
Q

you go

A

ve

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6
Q

you put

A

pon

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7
Q

you go out

A

sal

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8
Q

you be… (ser)

A

sé

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9
Q

you have

A

ten

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10
Q

you come

A

ven

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11
Q

don’t go

A

no ve

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12
Q

don’t say

A

no di

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13
Q

don’t make/do

A

no haz

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14
Q

don’t go out

A

no sal

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15
Q

don’t be…

ser, yo

A

no sé

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16
Q

don’t have

A

no ten

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17
Q

don’t come

A

no ven

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18
Q

how to form negative tú commands with car verbs

A

c to qu

saque, no saques

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19
Q

how to form negative tú commands with gar verbs

A

g to gu

llegue, no llegues

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20
Q

how to form negative tú commands with zar verbs

A

z to c

empiezo, no empieces

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21
Q

how to form formal commands (Usted/Ustedes)

A

yo form
drop o
add opposite ending

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22
Q

conducer, conocer, commands

A

conduzca, conduzcan

conozco, conozcan

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23
Q

traer commands

A

traiga, traigan

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24
Q

Usted/Ustedes give

A

Dé(n)

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25
Q

Usted/Ustedes be (estar)

A

Esté(n)

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26
Q

Usted/Ustedes go

A

Vaya(n)

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27
Q

Usted/Ustedes know (saber)

A

Sepa(n)

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28
Q

Usted/Ustedes be (ser)

A

Sea(n)

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29
Q

how to form the subjunctive

A

yo form
exchange ends er/ir verbs with ar ends
ar with er/ir ends

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30
Q

conocer subjunctive

A

conozca/as/a/amos/áis/an

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31
Q

hacer subjunctive

A

haga/as/a/amos/áis/an

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32
Q

poner subjunctive

A

ponga/as/a/amos/áis/an

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33
Q

venir subjunctive

A

venga/as/a/amos/áis/an

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34
Q

buscar subjunctive

A

busque/es/e/emos/éis/en

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35
Q

pagar subjunctive

A

paque/es/e/emos/éis/en

36
Q

empezar subjunctive

A

empiece/es/e/emos/éis/en

37
Q

stem-changing verbs subjunctive rules e-ie verbs

A

ie for yo, tú, él, ellos

no change for nosotros and vosotros

38
Q

stem-changing verbs subjunctive rules o-ue

A

ue for yo, tú, él, ellos

no change for nosotros and vosotros

39
Q

stem-changing verbs er/ar subjunctive rules

A

stem changes remain as they do in indicative (boot verbs)

pensar, piense, pienses, piense, pensemos, penséis, piensen

40
Q

stem-changing verbs ir subjunctive rules

A

stem changes remain as they do in indicative (boot verbs) but change from e to i, and o to u in third person singular and plural
sentir, sienta, sientas, sienta, sintamos, sintáis, sientan

41
Q

how to form the preterit ar verbs

A

é, aste, ó, amos asteis, aron

42
Q

how to form the preterit er verbs

A

í, iste, ió, imos, isteis, ieron

43
Q

how to form the preterit ir verbs

A

í, iste, ió, imos, isteis, ieron

44
Q

how to form car verbs in preterit

A

qué, caste, có, camos, casteis, caron

45
Q

how to form zar verbs in preterit

A

cé, zaste, zó, zamos, zasteis, zaron

46
Q

how to form gar verbs in preterit

A

gué, gaste, gó, gamos, gasteis, garon

47
Q

how to form leer, creer, and oír preterit

A

í, íste, yó, ímos, ísteis, yeron

48
Q

how to form the imperfect ar verbs

A

aba, abas, aba, ábamos, abais, aban

49
Q

how to form the imperfect er/ir verbs

A

ía, ías, ía, íamos, íais, ían

50
Q

ir imperfect conj

A

iba, ibas, iba, íbamos, ibais, iban

51
Q

ser imperfect conj

A

era, eras, era, éramos, erais, eran

52
Q

ver imperfect conj

A

veía, veías, veía, veíamos, veíais, veían

53
Q

how to form mandato nosotros form

negative or positive

A 
yo form
drop o
add opposite ending
emos for ar verbs
amos for er/ir verbs
54
Q

stem changing verbs mandato nosotros form
dormer
competir

A

o-ue-u durmamos

e-i-i compitamos

55
Q

pronouns with commands

where?

A

added to the end

56
Q

Let’s…

A

Vamos a + infinitive

57
Q

Let’s not…

A

No vayamos a

58
Q

subjunctive uses

A 
commands
doubt
emotions
feelings
hopes
influence
probability 
requests
recommendations
volition/will
wishes
59
Q

present perfect uses

A

indicate what someone has done

I have met, we have decided

60
Q

present perfect form

A

present form of haber and past participle

61
Q

haber present tense

A 
he
has
ha
hemos
habéis
han
62
Q

how to form the past participle ar verbs

A

ado

63
Q

how to form the past participle er/ir verbs

A

ido

64
Q

past participle abrir

A

abierto

65
Q

past participle escribir

A

escrito

66
Q

past participle decir

A

dicho

67
Q

past participle hacer

A

hecho

68
Q

past participle morir

A

muerto

69
Q

past participle poner

A

puesto

70
Q

past participle resolver

A

resuelto

71
Q

past participle romper

A

roto

72
Q

past participle ver

A

visto

73
Q

past participle volver

A

vuelto

74
Q

past participle ser

A

sido

75
Q

past participle ir

A

ido

76
Q

past participle cubrir

A

cubierto

77
Q

object and reflexive pronoun placement with past participles

A

before haber

78
Q

past participle traer

A

traído

79
Q

definite articles (7)

A

before abstract nouns
before parts of body, clothes (when preceeded by reflexive verb or when possessor is clear)
before days of week to me “on”
before dates and times of day
before names of languages except when they follow de, en or hablar
before titles except San, Santa, don, doña
before names of certain cities, regions, countries

80
Q

indefinite articles (2)

A

Omitted after
following hacerse, ser
when followed by unmodified noun referring to nationality political affiliation, profession, religion
before cien(to), cierto, medio, mil, otro, tal
after con and sin
in negative sentences and after verbs like buscar, haber, tener when numerical notion of un and una is not important
Used following
before numbers used to indicate approximate amounts
before modified nouns

81
Q

preterit uses (5)

A
  1. specific event in past
  2. an act begun/completed in the past
  3. sequence or series of completed events moving narrative along
  4. relate an action took place in specific amt of time
  5. central action
82
Q

imperfect used (6)

A
  1. habitual/repeated actions
  2. was/were-ing
  3. background information, set the stage, express pre-existing condition
  4. tell time in past
  5. describe physical/emotional states/characteristics
  6. interrupt ongoing action
  7. descriptive details of central action
83
Q

doubt expressions/words (4)

A

dudar
no creer
no estar seguro (de)
no pensar

84
Q

certainty expressions/words (4)

A

no dudar
creer
estar seguro (de)
pensar

85
Q

reporting results of actions
the windows are closed
the door was open already

A

estar + past participle

86
Q

yo form
drop o
use opposite ending
= ? (4)

A

1 negative tù command
2 Usted/Ustedes positive command
3 nosotros positive or negative command
4 subjunctive

Uncategorized (6 decks)

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