3.5 Biological Molecules – Proteins Flashcards

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1
Q

a monomer of a protein

A

amino acid

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2
Q

loss of shape in a protein that may be a result of changes in temperature, pH, or
chemical exposure

A

denaturation

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3
Q

a catalyst in a biochemical reaction that is usually a complex or conjugated protein

A

enzyme

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4
Q

a chemical signaling molecule, usually a protein or steroid, secreted by an endocrine
gland or group of endocrine cells; acts to control or regulate specific physiological processes

A

hormone

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5
Q

describes a substance that dissolves in water; water-loving

A

hydrophilic

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6
Q

describes a substance that does not dissolve in water; water-fearing

A

hydrophobic

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7
Q

a covalent bond that forms between one amino acids carboxyl group and another
amino acids amino group

A

peptide bond

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8
Q

a long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

A

polypeptide chain

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9
Q

a biological macromolecule composed of one or more chains of amino acids

A

protein

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10
Q

a linear sequence of amino acids in a protein

A

primary structure

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11
Q

association of different polypeptide chains in a protein

A

association of different polypeptide chains in a protein

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12
Q

structure that proteins form by hydrogen bonding between the oxygen
atom of one amino acid and the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen atom of another amino acid

A

secondary structure

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13
Q

a reactant that binds to a specific enzyme

A

substrate

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14
Q

a protein’s three-dimensional conformation, including interactions between
secondary structural elements

A

tertiary structure

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