Kinetic Particle Theory Flashcards

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1
Q

Meaning of matter

A

Anything that has mass and takes up space

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2
Q

Meaning of particle

A

Building block of matter

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3
Q

Melting

A

The process by which a solid turns into a liquid at its melting point

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4
Q

Boiling

A

At which as liquid turns into a gas at its boiling point

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5
Q

Condensation

A

The process by which a gas turns into a liquid

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6
Q

freezing

A

The process by which a liquid turns into a solid

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7
Q

Sublimation

A

The process at which a solid turns directly into a gas without melting

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8
Q

Evaporation

A

The conversion of liquid to its vapour below the boiling temperature of the liquid

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9
Q

Deposition

A

When a gas turns directly into a solid

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10
Q

Kinetic Particle Theory states:

A

“All matter is made up of tiny particles that are in constant random motion and constantly collide with one another”

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11
Q

A scientific theory is?

A

A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world

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12
Q

Matters can be classified as…

A
  1. Solid
  2. Liquid
  3. Gas
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13
Q

Arrangement of particles in a solid

A

The particles of a solid are closely packed in an orderly pattern with very little space between them

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14
Q

Arrangement of particles in a liquid

A

The particles of a liquid are closely packed in a disorderly manner, with slightly more spaces between them than in a solid

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15
Q

Arrangement of particles in a gas

A

The particles of a gas are very far apart from one another in a disorderly manner

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16
Q

Movement of particles in a solid

A

Vibrate and rotate about their fixed positions

17
Q

Movement of particles for liquids

A

Slide over one another

18
Q

Movement of particles for gases

A

Rapidly and freely in all directions

19
Q

Energy level of particles in a solid

A

Low

20
Q

Energy level of particles in a liquid

A

Moderate

21
Q

Energy level of particles in a gas

A

High

22
Q

Shape of particles in a solid

A

DEFINITE SHAPE as the particles cannot move about freely

23
Q

Shape of particles in a Liquid

A

NO DEFINITE SHAPE, but takes the shape of the container as particles ARE ABLE TO MOVE ABOUT

24
Q

Shape of particles in a gas

A

NO DEFINITE SHAPE, but takes the shape of the container as particles ARE ABLE TO MOVE ABOUT

25
Q

Volume of solids

A

FIXED VOLUME as particles are closely packed and there is LITTLE/ ALMOST NO SPACE BETWEEN PARTICLES

26
Q

Volume of liquids

A

FIXED VOLUME as particles are closely packed and there LITTLE SPACE BETWEEN PARTICLES

27
Q

Volume of gases

A
  • NO FIXED VOLUME. Gases can be COMPRESSED
  • There are LARGE SPACES BETWEEN THE PARTICLES, hence, particles can come closer together or move further away
28
Q

Expansion

A

When matter is heated, the particles gain energy and move faster and further apart. Thus, volume increases

29
Q

Contraction

A

When matter is cooled, the particles and move slower and closer together. Thus, volume decreases.

30
Q

Similarities between evaporation and boiling

A

Both involves the change from liquid to gas

31
Q

Difference between evaporation and boiling

A
  1. Evaporation occurs at the surface only while boiling occurs throughout the liquid
  2. Evaporation occurs below boiling point and Boiling occurs when temperature reaches boiling point