crime and punishment

Question 1

how is a crime committed?

Answer 1

when someone breaks the law

Question 2

what are laws there to show?

Answer 2

what acceptable behaviour is so that people can live safety and without fear

Question 3

who made the laws?

Answer 3

laws are madly the government and can vary from country to country

Question 4

how are laws different from different countries?

Answer 4

in some states of America, you need to be 21 to buy alcohol whereas in Britain it is 18

Question 5

how is lawful change over time?

Answer 5

what is lawful can change over time as homosexuality was illegal in Britain but not anymore

Question 6

give two examples of sins that are crimes?

Answer 6

murder
stealing

Question 7

what two sins that are not against the law?

Answer 7

adultery
pride

Question 8

what are concerned with our behaviour?

Answer 8

sin and crime

Question 9

what is morality?

Answer 9

deciding what is right or wrong

Question 10

what can be complex?

Answer 10

making decisions on how we should behave can be complex

Question 11

absolute morality
1. what is believed about this?
2. what does the “stealing is wrong” applies to?
3. why would it be wrong to steal food no matter what?
4. what does being wrong to kill apply to?

Answer 11

1. when a person firmly believes that an action should always apply
2. “stealing is wrong” applies to all situations, no matter what the context or circumstance.
3. it would be wrong to steal food even if a family were starving
4. another example would be the belief that it is wrong to kill
5. this would apply to all situations such as war, abortion and euthanasia. there is no circumstance where it is acceptable

Question 12

relative morality
1. what is believed about this?
2. why can stealing be acceptable?
3. what does the humanist Peter sing argue?
4. why does Sing argues that arbortion should be carried out?
5. when is euthanasia allowed?

Answer 12

1. a moral principle can be adapted or adjusted in certain situations
2. stealing is wrong but if there is no other way to get food then stealing can be seines acceptable
3. humanist Peter sing would argue that cases of abortion and euthanasia are relative because we need to consider the circumstances such as quality of a persons life
4. if the life of a pregnant women were at risk than singer argues that abortion should be carried out.
5. if a person has a painful and terminal illness

Question 13

what happens when a criminal is found guilty of a crime?

Answer 13

there are a number of punishment options available to a judge, such as prison, fines and community service

Question 14

what will the judge consider when a criminal is found guilty?

Answer 14

consider the advantages and drawbacks of servel different purposes when sentencing a person for the crime they have committed

Question 15

what are the 3 main aims of punishment?

Answer 15

retribution
deterrence
rehabilitation

Question 16

what is a retribution?

Answer 16

making a criminal pay for their crime

Question 17

what is one example of retribution?

Answer 17

the death penalty for someone that gas committed murder

Question 18

why is the example of retribution fair?

Answer 18

it is a just reaction to a crime “an eye for an eye a tooth for a tooth”

Question 19

what is a deterrence?

Answer 19

a punishment that is so severe, it puts other people off from committing a crime

Question 20

what is one example of deterrence?

Answer 20

during the London riots in 2011, a 19 years old man stole a crate of water from a shop. he was given a 1 year prison sentence

Question 21

why is the example of deterrence a severe punishment?

Answer 21

will make a criminal think twice before breaking the law

Question 22

what is a rehabilitation?

Answer 22

helping criminals to reform so they do not commit crimes again

Question 23

what is one example of rehabilitation?

Answer 23

providing education, counselling and training to stop criminals from reoffending

Question 24

why is the one example of rehabilitation likely to avoid crimes?

Answer 24

a criminal who has been educated is more likely to avoid committing further crimes

Question 25

what is capital punishment?

Answer 25

known as the death penalty
means a person is put to death or executed as a punishment for their crime

Question 26

when was capital punishment abolished in the UK?

Answer 26

1965
(still legal in many countries today)

Question 27

why do some people think capital punishment is a good form of punishment?

Answer 27

it deter people from murdering others and takes a life for a life

Question 28

why do some people disagree with capital punishment?

Answer 28

evidence shows it does not deter and innocent people can be killed for crimes they did not commit

Question 29

deter

Answer 29

to prevent someone from doing something

Question 30

why has the magisterium allowed capital punishment?

Answer 30

the teaching authority of the church had traditionally allowed it based on the tradition of the bible and prominent catholic figures

Question 31

what had the Old Testament law of Moses outlined?

Answer 31

36 offences which were punishable by death

Question 32

what does the New Testament say about capital punishment?

Answer 32

Jesus does not speak directly in support of it, but does not deny the use of it either
but many of his teachings have been used to argue against the death penalty

Question 33

what has the church believed about capital punishment?

Answer 33

the consistent teaching of the Catholic Church for the past 22000 years has been that it is allowed but should not be encouraged

Question 34

what had the pope Francis revised in 2018 of the magisterium?

Answer 34

revised the teaching and supports the view that the death penalty should be abolished worldwide

Question 35

timeline of the development of catholic teaching: what happened in the 8th century BC?

Answer 35

1. laws of Moses are established in the 8th century BC and 36 offences are punishable by death

Question 36

timeline of the development of catholic teaching: what happened in 30AD?

Answer 36

2. 30AD - Jesus delivers the sermon on the mount. does not deny the use of the penalty but his teachings appear to challenge it

Question 37

timeline of the development of catholic teaching: what happened in 412AD?

Answer 37

3. 412AD - st Augustin writes a letter to bishop macedonius stating that a person cannot be reformed if they are executed.
   however, the death penalty is still acceptable

Question 38

timeline of the development of catholic teaching: what happened in the 1249AD of St Thomas Aquinas?

Answer 38

In 1259AD St Thomas Aquinas affirms the
Catholic Church’s position.
He supports capital punishment as a way of protecting citizens.

Question 39

timeline of the development of catholic teaching: what happened in 1995 of Pope John Paul II encyclical letter?

Answer 39

In 1995, Pope John Paul II wrote an encyclical letter called ‘Evagelium Vitae’ and said capital punishment should be avoided unless it’s the only way to protect society.

Question 40

timeline of the development of catholic teaching: what happened in 2018 of the Magisterium?

Answer 40

In 2018 the Magisterium, led by Pope Francis revised the teaching of the Catechism and said that capital punishment
“attacks the dignity” of a person and should be abolished worldwide.

Question 41

what is the source of authority from Genesis 9:6?

Answer 41

“Whoever sheds human blood, by humans shall their blood be shed”

Question 42

what is the source of authority from Exodus 21:24?

Answer 42

“An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth”

Question 43

what is the source of authority from Jesus in Matthew 5?

Answer 43

“You have heard that it was said”An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth”. But I tell you: “Turn the other cheek”

Question 44

what is the source of authority from St Thomas Aquinas?

Answer 44

“For those who refuse to obey God’s laws, it is correct for society to use capital punishment”

Question 45

what is the source of authority from Pope John Paul II Evangelism Vitae?

Answer 45

“If bloodless means can be used, but if public safety is at risk then it can be used”

Question 46

what is the source of authority from Pope Francis?

Answer 46

“Say ‘Yes’ to life and ‘No’ to death”

Question 47

what is the source of authority from Magisterium?

Answer 47

“In the light of the Gospel, the death penalty is an attack on dignity of the person”

Question 48

in favour of capital punishment
1.what did Jesus never taught?
2. what does the Old Testament teach?
3. what does st Paul teach christians should do?
4. why is retribution a major part of punishment?
5. why is it a good deterrent?
6. how can the importance of human life be shown?

Answer 48

1. Jesus never taught the death penalty was wrong
2. Old Testament teaches that the death penalty should be used for some crimes
3. st Paul teaches that christians should accept and obey the laws of their country
4. retribution is a major part of punishment and the only one for murder is the death penalty
   5, acts as a good deterrent and can protect society?
5. human life is the most important thing there is and the value will be only known by giving those who take human life the worst possible punishment

Question 49

against capital punishment
1. what commandment goes against this?
2. why does it goes against the sanctity of life?
3. why does it goes against the imago dei?
4. what does Jesus taught a message of?
5. what are the statistics?
6. what is the risk?
7. what do some see life of imprisionment as?

Answer 49

1. “do not kill”
2. goes against the sanctity of life - all life is sacred and belongs to god
3. goes against the ‘imago dei’ - humans are all created in the image of god
4. Jesus taught a message of reform and forgiveness and taught to love our enemies
5. statistics show that death penalty does not lower the murder rate
6. risk an innocent person will be killed
   some see life imprsionment as a worse punishment?