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MSK > MSK Physical Exam > Flashcards

MSK Physical Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What are possible areas of pain?

A

joint pain
soft tissue pain
nerve pain

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2
Q

What are some causes of pain?

A

inflammation
infection
mechanical

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3
Q

What are the types of synovial joints?

A

ball and socket
hinge
condylar

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4
Q

What are the planes of movement?

A

abduction
adduction
flexion
extension
internal/external rotation

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5
Q

What areas of the body have full ROM?

A

ball and socket joints
hinge joints

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6
Q

What is an example of a ball and socket joint?

A

hip
shoulder

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7
Q

What is an example of a hinge joint?

A

knee

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8
Q

What is abduction?

A

movement away from midline

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9
Q

What is adduction?

A

movement toward the midline

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10
Q

What is dorsiflexion?

A

movement superiorly
only applies to foot and ankle

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11
Q

What is extension?

A

lengthening of a muscle or joint (increase angle)

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12
Q

What is flexion?

A

shortening of a muscle or joint (decrease angle)

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13
Q

What to look for when assessing gait and general movement

A

is it abnormal watching it or abnormal when you are not

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14
Q

What is normal anatomical position?

A

person standing upright facing forward, arms straight and hands held by the hips with palms facing forward. feet parallel and toes pointing forward.

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15
Q

What is the purpose of normal anatomical position?

A

central concept behind all descriptions of location within the body

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16
Q

What is important with anatomic difference?

A

there is different anatomy between males and females so consider how they make people more susceptible to certain injuries - in both upper and lower extremities

17
Q

How do changes in the bones and muscles change the exam?

A

posture
range of motion
strength
pain

18
Q

How do you evaluate the pain during a physical exam?

A

watch the pt during the entire visit, including walking into the exam room

19
Q

What should you notice when evaluating the pain?

A

how they are sitting
how they move towards the table
how they get off the table
do their movements correlate with their description of the pain

20
Q

What are possible mechanisms of injury?

A

sometimes its helpful to work backwards to discover the cause but a good hx and PE will help you evalulate

21
Q

What is the scale for assessing strength?

A

0: no movement
1: trave movement
2: movement and full PROM, but unable against gravity
3: full AROM, but not against resistance
4: full ROM against gravity & resistance, but weak
5: full ROM against gravity, full resistance

22
Q

What are the most common numbers to use when assessing strenght?

A

4 and 5

23
Q

Which numbers are considered profound weakness?

A

0-3

24
Q

What should you do when strength testing?

A

ROM of each joint - remember each plane of motion of each joint

25
Q

What should you do with the joint above and below the joint you are testing?

A

ALWAYS consider the them as there may be contributory factors effecting more than the joint of pain

26
Q

What are things to consider when assessing joints above and below the one being tested?

A

LBP is effected by knee problems
Knee pain affected by foot problems
biomechanics of posture on the neck pain
elbow pain being effected by rotator cuff restriction

27
Q

What are some soft tissue clues when doing an MSK PE?

A

swelling
bruising and lesions
erythema
nodules and tumors
patterns of radiation

28
Q

How do circulation and sensation affect PE?

A

always check circulation and sensation distal to injury

29
Q

How do you determine a mechanism of injury?

A

consider which structures are most likely to be injured

30
Q

What are the components of a MSK PE?

A

IPRRSSSS-V and Joints above and below
I: Inspection
P: Palpation
R: Range of Motion
R: Reflexes
S: Strength
S: Sensation
S: Stability
S: Special Tests
V: Vascular

31
Q

What should you do when testing ROM?

A

What is the normal ROM for the joint selected?
Compare joints from side to side

32
Q

How to test strength?

A

peripheral nerve specific/nerve root specific

33
Q

How to test sensation?

A

think about nerve distribution. how would you check neurologic function related to the selected joint?

34
Q

How to test vascular?

A

check pulses distal to the joint and cap refill

MSK (11 decks)

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