Unit C Environmental Chemistry: 2.0

Question 1

What are heritable characteristics?

Answer 1

Heritable characteristics are passed on from generation to generation. Some examples of inherited characteristics are eye colour, hair type, and skin colour

Question 2

What are Non-heritable characteristics?

Answer 2

Non-heritable characteristics are acquired. That is, they are not passed on to other generations.

Question 3

What is discrete variation?

Answer 3

A variation that you either have or you don’t

Question 4

What is continuous variation?

Answer 4

Continuous variation refers to differences in characteristics that have a range of forms.

Question 5

What does reproduction produce?

Answer 5

Reproduction produces new individuals of a species.

Question 6

What is asexual reproduction?

Answer 6

Asexual reproduction involves only one parent and the offspring look exactly like the parent

Question 7

What are the 4 types of asexual reproduction?

Answer 7

Binary Fission
Budding
Spore Production
Vegetative reproduction

Question 8

Describe Binary Fission

Answer 8

Only one-celled organisms can do this. During binary

fission, a cell splits exactly in two, producing two identical individuals

Question 9

Describe budding

Answer 9

During budding, the parent produces a small bud or a smaller version of
itself.

Question 10

Describe spore production

Answer 10

Spores are similar to seeds but are produced by the division of cells of the parent. One individual will produce many spores, and each spore can
develop into a new individual identical to the parent.

Question 11

What is vegetative reproduction?

Answer 11

The reproduction of a plant that does not involve the formation of a seed.

Question 12

What are some examples of vegetative production?

Answer 12

If you take a cutting from a coleus plant and place it in water, the cutting will grow roots and eventually develop into a whole new plant.
Strawberries or spider plants, grow runners that produce new plants along them
Tubers, such as potatoes on a potato plant, and bulbs, from which daffodils and tulips develop
roots of aspen
trees produce a form of shoot called a sucker. If the sucker becomes physically separated from the original tree, it will grow into a new aspen tree

Question 13

What is the general name for sex cells?

Answer 13

Gamates

Question 14

What are the male and female gametes called?

Answer 14

Sperm cells and egg cells called ova

Question 15

What is the union of the sperm cell and the egg cell called?

Answer 15

fertilization

Question 16

What is the cell called after it has been fertilized?

Answer 16

Zygote

Question 17

What does the zygote do?

Answer 17

It is the first cell, it then splits in what is called cleavage

Question 18

What is the zygote called after it splits?

Answer 18

An embryo

Question 19

What are the females parts of a plant called?

Answer 19

The pistil

Question 20

What is the male part of the plants called?

Answer 20

The stamen

Question 21

What are the female parts of a plant?

Answer 21

Stigma
Style
Ovary
Ovule

Question 22

What are the male parts of a plant?

Answer 22

Filament

Anther

Question 23

How does pollination occur?

Answer 23

When pollen from the anther enters the stigma

Question 24

How does cross-pollination occur?

Answer 24

When the pollen of one plant is carried to the stigma of another by the wind, water, or animals, such as bees or butterflies

Question 25

How does cross-fertilization occur?

Answer 25

when a grain of this pollen produces a long tube that eventually grows down the style into the ovary that contains the ovules.

Question 26

What is produced in cross-fertilization?

Answer 26

A seed that stays dormant

Question 27

In plant reproduction in which way will a plant not be identical to its parent?

Answer 27

Cross-fertilization

Question 28

What are the advantages of asexual reproduction?

Answer 28

Can produce lots of individuals very quickly

Question 29

What are the disadvantages of asexual reproduction?

Answer 29

If conditions become unfavourable, the entire population may be wiped out.

Question 30

What are the advantages of sexual reproduction?

Answer 30

Provides lots of variation

Question 31

What are the disadvantages of sexual reproduction?

Answer 31

It takes a lot of energy

Can only produce a limited number of offspring.

Question 32

How can some plants produce asexually?

Answer 32

By taking cuttings and placing them in water to grow roots. Or with bulbs or runners

Question 33

How can some plants reproduce asexually with seeds?

Answer 33

Embryos develop in the seeds without a male gamate. then will grow into plants that are genetically identical to their parents

Question 34

what is an insect that cal reproduce both ways?

Answer 34

Aphids

Question 35

What are the parts of the pistil?

Answer 35

Stigma
Style
Ovary
Ovule

Question 36

What are the parts of the stamen?

Answer 36

Filament

Anther

Question 37

Where is the stigma located?

Answer 37

At the top of the style to catch pollen

Question 38

What is the style?

Answer 38

The long thing that holds up the stigma

Question 39

Where are the ovary and the ovule located?

Answer 39

At the bottom of the style

Question 40

Where is the anther located?

Answer 40

At the top of the filament

Question 41

Where is the filament located?

Answer 41

At the bottom of the anther