Religious Reform

Question 1

What percentage of Londoners were Protestant in 1547?

Answer 1

20%.

Question 2

when was the issue of royal injunctions under Somerset that were radical in nature

Answer 2

jul 1547

Question 3

when was the dissolution of chantries

Answer 3

dec 1547

Question 4

when was the act of uniformity which laid down publication of book of common prayer

Answer 4

jan 1548

Question 5

when was the first book of common prayer introduced

Answer 5

may 1549

Question 6

when was the second act of uniformity which laid down the publication of the second book of prayer

Answer 6

may 1552

Question 7

when was the revised book of prayer introduced

Answer 7

dec 1552

Question 8

when was the 42 articles of religion published

Answer 8

jun 1553

Question 9

What religious radicals did Somerset introduce into his household (2)

Answer 9

• John Hooper
• Thomas Becon

Question 10

Why was Cramner cautious in his reform

Answer 10

fear of religious tension

Question 11

was Somerset or Northumberland more radical in reform

Answer 11

Northumberland

Question 12

How did Somerset influence religious change?

Answer 12

He was a keen Protestant, but was cautious as he wanted to please both factions.

Question 13

How did Northumberland influence religious change?

Answer 13

He was a radical reformer, but ultimately favoured politics over religion.

Question 14

what were the two objectives of the 1549 book of common prayer

Answer 14

• estb single form for services within C of E
• translated services into English to enhance understanding of key texts

Question 15

what did Gardiner believe the 1549 book of common prayer included

Answer 15

ambiguous eucharistic declaration that implied acceptance of transubstantiation

Question 16

in 1547 what 3 religious changes did Somerset introduce

Answer 16

• denunciation of images in London (iconoclasm)
• injunctions issued (attacked popular catholic features such as stained glass)
• disillusionment of chantries and guilds (to pay for foreign policy) (catholic prayer for dead)

Question 17

iconoclasm meaning

Answer 17

the breaking of images -( more radical protestants assumed images prohibited because wording of Ten Commandments)

Question 18

what religious change did Somerset implement in 1549

Answer 18

introduction of book of common prayer (uniform approach to services - more moderate reform as it could imply transubstantiatin was accepted)

Question 19

what was Northumberland’s strategy in relation to the church

Answer 19

• continue protestant reforms
• plunder more of it’s wealth

Question 20

an example of how Cranmer became more radical under Northumberland

Answer 20

the radical book of common prayer introduced in 1552

Question 21

explain the term zwinglian (eucharist views)

Answer 21

refers to religious ideas of Ulrich Zwingli - protestant reformer from Switzerland.
thought the eucharist was a commemoration Christs sacrifice not a transformation

Question 22

four key changes introduced by the revised book of common prayer 1552

Answer 22

• removal of remaining ‘conservative’ ceremonies (conservatives could no longer find anything they accepted in the book)
• radical reform of communion service and replaced wafer with bread
• ban on popish vestments (Seen as superstitious and wanted simplicity)
• restriction of church music - protestants thought music hindered religious understanding

Question 23

2 example of how influential zwinglianism was

Answer 23

revised book of common prayer reformed communion service
replaced wafer with bread and ‘do this in remembrance’

42 articles

Question 24

42 articles of religion explained

Answer 24

issued by archbishop Cranmer in 1553
- defined the essential of faith of Church of England
- reflected influences of Zwingli
- kings death a few weeks after issue meant that they were not implemented

Question 25

what were some impacts of these policies?

Answer 25

• expenditure on church goods declined after 1540 - people felt no reason to leave money to the church is there was a chance of confiscation by the crown
• fewer people attending parish church services suggests dissatisfaction with the church

Question 26

how did Northumberland reduce catholic influence?

Answer 26

Gardiner was imprisoned in a Tower. Ridley replaced Bonner decreasing catholicism in court

Question 27

1552 treason act

Answer 27

Questioning either the Royal Supremacy and the beliefs of the English Church became an offence