Nervous System

Question 1

The two divisions of the nervous system.

Answer 1

Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Question 2

This tissue consists of specialized cells called neurons that transmit and receive electrical signals.

Answer 2

Nervous Tissue

Question 3

A single nerve cell that transmits information

Answer 3

Neuron

Question 4

B bundle of many neurons bundled together

Answer 4

Nerve

Question 5

The long, slender extension of a neuron that conducts electrical signals away from the cell body.

Answer 5

Axon

Question 6

Branch-like extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons.

Answer 6

Dendrites

Question 7

Small structures at the end of axons that release neurotransmitters to transmit signals to the next neuron.

Answer 7

Terminal buttons

Question 8

The cell body of a neuron that contains the nucleus and other essential cellular components.

Answer 8

Soma

Question 9

A protective, insulating layer around some axons that speeds up signal transmission.

Answer 9

Myelin Sheath

Question 10

A brief electrical signal that travels along the axon to transmit information.

Answer 10

Action Potential

Question 11

CNS or PNS?

Oligodendrocytes

Answer 11

CNS

Question 12

CNS or PNS?

Schwann Cells

Answer 12

PNS

Question 13

CNS or PNS?

Ependymal cells

Answer 13

CNS

Question 14

CNS or PNS?

Satellite cells

Answer 14

PNS

Question 15

CNS or PNS?

Astrocytes

Answer 15

CNS

Question 16

CNS or PNS?

Microglia

Answer 16

CNS

Question 17

Includes the cerebrum, responsible for thinking and processing sensory information.

Answer 17

Forebrain

Question 18

Involved in motor control and sensory processing.

Answer 18

Midbrain

Question 19

Contains the cerebellum for coordination, the pons for respiration, and the medulla for vital functions like heartbeat.

Answer 19

Hindbrain

Question 20

A long, cylindrical bundle of nervous tissue that extends from the brain and serves as a pathway for signals between the brain and the rest of the body.

Answer 20

Spinal Cord

Question 21

Rapid, involuntary responses to sensory stimuli that help protect the body from harm.

Answer 21

Reflexes

Question 22

Connects the central nervous system to the rest of the body

Answer 22

PNS

Question 23

Facilitates communication and controls voluntary and involuntary actions

Answer 23

PNS

Question 24

Transmit sensory information from the body to the CNS.

Answer 24

Sensory Nerves

Question 25

Carry signals from the CNS to muscles and glands.

Answer 25

Motor Nerves

Question 26

Contain both sensory and motor fibers.

Answer 26

Mixed Nerves

Question 27

The two divisions of the peripheral nervous system.

Answer 27

somatic nervous system
&
autonomic nervous system

Question 28

The three divisions of the autonomic nervous system.

Answer 28

a. Sympathetic division
b. Parasympathetic division
c. Enteric division

Question 29

Three types of neurons

Answer 29

a. Sensory neurons
b. Motor neurons
c. Interneurons

Question 30

Transmits sensory information to the CNS.

Answer 30

Sensory Neurons

Question 31

Relay signals from the CNS to muscles and glands.

Answer 31

Motor Neurons

Question 32

Processes information within the CNS.

Answer 32

Interneurons

Question 33

A brief, electrical impulse that travels along the membrane of a neuron.

Answer 33

Action potential

Question 34

The three phases of the action potential.

Answer 34

a. Resting phase
b. Depolarization phase
c. Repolarization phase

Question 35

A junction between two neurons or between a neuron and an effector cell, where signals are transmitted through neurotransmitters.

Answer 35

Synapse