Medication Administration

Question 1

Absorption

Answer 1

Process by which medication enters the blood stream

Question 2

Distribution

Answer 2

Process by which medication is delivered to the target cells and tissues

Question 3

Metabolism (Drug Binding)

Answer 3

Process by which drug is chemically changed in the body

Question 4

Excretion

Answer 4

Process of removing the drug or its metabolites from the body

Question 5

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 5

The process by which a drug moves through the body and is eventually eliminated; consists of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

Question 6

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 6

The physiologic and biochemical effects of a drug on the body

May be systemic or local

Question 7

Therapeutic Effects

Answer 7

A medication’s desired and intentional effects

Question 8

Adverse Effects

Answer 8

Any effect other than the therapeutic effect

Question 9

Side Effect

Answer 9

Minor adverse effect; mostly harmless

Question 10

Tolerance

Answer 10

Developed decreased response to the drug; requires higher dose to achieve therapeutic effect

Question 11

Allergic reaction

Answer 11

Result from an immunologic response; mild or severe

Question 12

Toxicity

Answer 12

Results from overdose or build up of medication

Question 13

Medication Interaction

Answer 13

When a medications effects are altered by the concurrent presence of other medications or food

Synergism- increases drug’s effects
Antagonism - decreases a drug’s effects

Question 14

[In]Compatability

Answer 14

In some cases, a drug will precipitate from solutions, or chemically inactivate, if mixed with other medications

Question 15

Drugs known to cause birth defects

Answer 15

Teratogenic

Question 16

Some drugs are immediately absorbed in the liver

Answer 16

First pass metabolism

Question 17

Enteroheptic Cycling

Answer 17

When drugs pass through the liver and are secreted back into the small intestine in the bile

Question 18

Entry rate of a drug into the tissue depends on:

Answer 18

1. The rate of blood flow into the tissue
2. The tissue mass
3. The rate at which entry/exit of the drug molecules between blood and tissue equlibriate

Question 19

Medication Assessment: Initial assessment

Answer 19

Medical History
Allergies and Intolerances
Medical History
Pregnancy and lactation

Question 20

Medication Assessment: Prior to Administering

Answer 20

MAR
Diet and fluid orders
Laboratory values
Physical assessment

Question 21

Assessment Prior to Medication Teaching

Answer 21

Knowledge of meds
Learning style
Cognitive ability
Presence of physical and sensory disabilities
Lifestyle and financial considerations

Question 22

Administration of Meds Routes:

Answer 22

Oral - oral, through tubes, sublingual/buccal

Topical - transdermal, ophthalmic, optic, nasal, rectal, vaginal

Inhaler

Parenteral - ID, Subq, IM, IV

Question 23

Three Checks of Medication Administration

Answer 23

1. Read the eMAR and select the proper medication from the supply system
2. After retrieving the medication, compare it to the eMAR
3. At the bedside after verifying the pt recheck again against eMAR

Question 24

Six Rights of Medication Administration

Answer 24

Right Patient
Right Drug
Right Dose
Right Route
Right Time
Right Documentation

Question 25

Insulin Type: Rapid

Answer 25

insulin lispro (Humalog)
insulin aspart (Novolog)

Question 26

Insulin Type: Short

Answer 26

Regular

Humulin R
Novolin R

Question 27

Insulin Type: Intermediate

Answer 27

NPH

Question 28

Insulin Type: Long

Answer 28

glargine (Lantus)
detemir (Levemir)

Question 29

Insulin is injected [with and into]

Answer 29

With 1-mL syringe with 26-30 gauge

Into upper arm, anterior or lateral aspects of thigh, buttocks, or abdomen

100U = 1 mL

Question 30

IM injections are given [with and into]

Answer 30

With 3 mL syringe and a 20-25 gauge, 1-3 in needle

Into deltoid, rectus femoris, ventrogluteal, vastus lateralis (infant)

Question 31

ID injections are given with

Answer 31

1 mL syringe with a short, half-inch small gauge 26-28

Question 32

Kayexalate

Answer 32

Uses: Hyperkalemia, Lithium OD

ADV: Hypokalemia, Hypocalcemia, Hypomagnesemia