states of consciousness pt 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

internal rhythms of biological activity. Ex: a woman’s menstrual cycle (a recurring, cyclical pattern of bodily changes.

A

biological rhythm

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2
Q

a biological rhythm that takes place over a period of about 24 hours. Ex: our sleep wake cycle

A

circadian rhythm

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3
Q

the tendency to maintain a balance, or optimal level, within a biological system.

A

homeostasis

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4
Q

a consistent difficulty in falling or staying asleep for at least three nights a week over a month’s time

A

insomnia

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5
Q

a collection of symptoms that results from the mismatch between our internal circadian cycles and our environment.

A

jet lag

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6
Q

a hormone that is an important regulator of sleep-wake cycles

A

melatonin

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7
Q

an endocrine structure located inside the brain that releases melatonin. Thought to be involved in the regulation of various biological rhythms and of the immune system during sleep.

A

pineal gland

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8
Q

refers to a work schedule that changes from early to late on a daily or weekly basis. For example, a person may work from 7:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. on Monday, 3:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. on Tuesday, and 11:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. on Wednesday. In such instances, the individual’s schedule changes so frequently that it becomes difficult for a normal circadian rhythm to be maintained. This often results in sleeping problems, and it can lead to signs of depression and anxiety.

A

rotating shift work

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9
Q

a state marked by relatively low levels of physical activity and reduced sensory awareness.

A

sleep

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10
Q

does not get sufficient sleep on a chronic basis. The consequences of this include decreased levels of alertness and mental efficiency.

A

sleep debt

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11
Q

refers to the brain’s control of switching between sleep and wakefulness as well as coordinating this cycle with the outside world.

A

sleep regulation

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12
Q

the brain’s clock mechanism located in an area of the hypothalamus. The axons of light-sensitive neurons in the retina provide info to this based on the amount of light present, allowing this internal clock to be synchronized with the outside world.

A

suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

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13
Q

characterized by high levels of sensory awareness, thought, and behavior

A

wakefulness

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