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CATA 462 - Advanced e care > Chapter 5b - Secondary ax > Flashcards

Chapter 5b - Secondary ax Flashcards

1
Q

SAMPLE

A

signs and symptoms
allergies
medications
past medical history
last oral intake
events before the incident

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2
Q

OPQRST

A

onset
provoke
quality
radiate
severity
time

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3
Q

assess the head specifications

A

observe for discharge
ax pupil size
observe for bruising behind the ears
re-ax airway
look for blood or clear fluid coming from ears, nose or mouth

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4
Q

assess the neck

A

ax for abnormalities
- airway
- tracheal deviation
- jugular vein distension/flatness
- cervical trauma

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5
Q

assess the chest and back

A

ax for abnormalities
look and listen for subtle signs of breathing difficulties

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6
Q

assess the abdomen

A

gently feel the top of the abdomen
palpate for rigidity and tenderness

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7
Q

assess the pelvis

A

observe for incontinent and or blood
inflare/outflare *do not open book a potential pelvic fracture

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8
Q

if suspected pelvic fx, what do you do

A

maintain manual stabilization until a pelvic binder is attached

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9
Q

asses the lower extremities

A

assess for deformity
PMSC

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10
Q

cap refill should come back within _____

A

2 seconds

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11
Q

vital signs are done every ____

A

5 mins

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12
Q

4 vital signs

A

Pulse
Ventilation rate
BP
Pulse oximetry

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13
Q

rapid/weak pulse

A

shock
bleeding
diabetic coma

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14
Q

rapid/strong pulse

A

fright
apprehension
heat
CVA

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15
Q

slow/strong pulse

A

stroke
skull fracture

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16
Q

average values for pulse (adult, child, toddler, athlete, post exercise)

A

adult = 60-80 bpm
child = 80-100 bpm
toddler = 100-120 bpm
athlete = 50-60 bpm
post exercise = +++ bpm

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17
Q

rapid/shallow breathing

A

shock
bleeding
heat exhaustion

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18
Q

rapid/deep breathing

A

cheyne-stokes
neurologic
metabolic

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19
Q

prolonged expiratory breathing

A

lower airway obstruction
asthma

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20
Q

prolonged inspiratory breathing

A

upper airway obstruction

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21
Q

deep gasping laboured breathing

A

obstructive
chest injury

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22
Q

absent breathing

A

obstructive
respiratory arrest
many cases

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23
Q

bright frothy coughed up blood breathing

A

lung injury

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24
Q

systolic normal values female vs male

A

female is 90 mm Hg + age
male is 100 mm Hg + age
(age 20-50)

25
Q

diastolic normal value for BP

A

80 mm Hg

26
Q

if no BP cuff, radial pulse is at least ___ mm Hg systolic

A

80 mm Hg

27
Q

if no BP cuff, femoral pulse is at least __ mm Hg systolic

A

70 mm Hg

28
Q

if no BP cuff, carotid pulse is at least __ mm Hg systolic

A

60 mm Hg

29
Q

textbook number for BP

A

120/80

30
Q

normal range for SpO2

A

95-100% saturation

31
Q

problematic range for SpO2

A

under 90%

32
Q

do not start O2 therapy at or above __ % sat

A

93

33
Q

stop O2 therapy no higher than ___% sat

A

96

34
Q

no supplemental O2 for acute stroke/MI with SpO2 between __ and ___%

A

93-100%

35
Q

normal core temperature

A

37 d C (98.6 d F)

36
Q

time for oral measure vs rectal mesure

A

both 3 minutes

37
Q

what is the preferred method to take body temperature in endurance sports?

A

rectal temp

38
Q

cool/clammy skin temp

A

shock
bleeding
heat exhaustion

39
Q

hot/moist skin temp

A

reaction to increased temp
exercise

40
Q

hot/dry skin temp

A

heat stroke
high fever

41
Q

what is the rapid intervention method when dealing with exertional heat stress?

A

cold water immersion

42
Q

contraindications to rectal temp

A

cardiac issues (vagus nerve stimulation)
hemorrhoids
recent rectal surgery
diarrhea

43
Q

hyperthermic rectal temp value

A

over 40 deg C

44
Q

cooling limit rectal temp value

A

38-39 deg C

45
Q

red skin colour

A

burn
fever
allergic rx
heat stroke
hypertensive

46
Q

blue skin colour

A

cyanosis
hypoxemia
vasoconstriction
cold
shock

47
Q

yellow skin colour

A

jaundice

48
Q

mottled skin colour

A

cardio vascular embarassment

49
Q

PEARL meaning

A

pupils
equal
and
reactive to
light

50
Q

more than ___ mm difference in pupils sizes is significant

A

1 mm

51
Q

GSC under 14 + abnormal pupil exam can indicate

A

life-threatening TBI

52
Q

average vital signs - newborn

A

pulse 120-160
respirations 40-60
BP 80/40

53
Q

average vital signs - baby (0-1yo)

A

pulse 100-120
respirations 30-40
BP 80/40

54
Q

average vital signs - child (1-8yo)

A

pulse 80-120
respirations 16-24
BP 90/50

55
Q

average vital signs - adult (over 8yo)

A

pulse 600-100
respirations 12-20
BP 120/80

56
Q

physiological shock (BP, Pulse, VR)

A

decrease BP
increase Pulse
increase vent rate

57
Q

neurogenic shock (BP, pulse, VR)

A

decrease BP
no change in pulse

58
Q

cushings signs (BP, Pulse, temp, VR)

A

increase BP
decrease pulse
increase Temp
no change in Vent Rate
(increase intracranial pressure)

CATA 462 - Advanced e care (13 decks)

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