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cata 462 - advanced e care > Chapter 6a - Airway management > Flashcards

Chapter 6a - Airway management Flashcards

1
Q

conscious choking adult/child - alternate between 2 of 3 appropriate techniques:

A
  1. bent over backblows x 5
  2. abdominal thrusts x 5
  3. chest thrusts
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2
Q

Procedure for unconscious choking child - alone

A

do 2 min CPR
call EMS/911
Open mouth + visualize + remove object if seen
Open airway + attempt 2 breaths
30 chest compressions
visualize mouth + remove object
REPEAT until EMS arrive or successful retrieval

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3
Q

If coughing gagging, do you interfere

A

NO

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4
Q

if high pitched, wheezing, no sound, do you interfere

A

Send someone to call EMS/911

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5
Q

procedure for conscious choking infant

A

kneel down to floor and place baby on your thigh
give 5 back blows
give 5 chest thrusts
continue until unconscious

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6
Q

procedure unconscious choking infant

A

ensure EMS/911 has been called
check mouth
attempt ventilation/reposition/attempt again
baby CPR. check mouth before breaths
sweep only if visualized
once unobstructed, CPR only as needed

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7
Q

Allergic reaction in which the immune system reacts in a sudden and exaggerated way to contact with an allergic substance (antigen)

A

Anaphylaxis

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8
Q

in order to be severely allergic to something, you must be in contact with it ____

A

at least once

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9
Q

what creates the damage to tissues during anaphylaxis? what do they cause?

A

histamine and leukotrienes
they cause swelling, hives, eventual breathing problems when tissue around airway is involved

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10
Q

Management of anaphylaxis

A

Call 911
Epinephrine - autoinjector
O2
Oral antihistamines may help reduce sx

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11
Q

Administer epinephrine ONLY when patient is breathing

A

TRUE

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12
Q

Considered anaphylaxis when ____ systems are involved

A

2 or more

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13
Q

When can you give a second dose of epi in anaphylaxis reaction?

A

after 5 minutes, usually repeated every 15 min - no max

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14
Q

Can you use an expired epipen?

A

yes if that is all that is available

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15
Q

2 populations with whom we need to be careful when delivering epi

A

older victims
cardiac victims

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16
Q

inclusion criteria for administration of epi

A

known to be allergic
not known to be allergic

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17
Q

exclusion criteria for administration of epi

A

no exclusion criteria for anaphylaxis (medical emergency)

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18
Q

Can you administer an epipen to someone who is not known to be allergic therefore has no epipen?

A

yes

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19
Q

what are the first signs of an allergic reaction? (5)

A

difficulty breathing
weakness
fainting
itchiness
urticaria

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20
Q

for someone who is not known to be allergic, what are the first signs?

A

recent contact with causal agent less than 12h ago
AND
respiratory distress or circulatory failure or visible edema of the tongue

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21
Q

general management guidelines for anaphylaxis (6 steps)

A
  • evaluate safety
  • ABC , call 911, admin O2
  • inclusion criteria ? known or unknown?
  • if allergic give epinephrine based on weight
  • monitor & provide first aid, repeat epi every 15 min
  • always take to hospital (biphasic!)
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22
Q

Effects of epinephrine (5)

A

dilates bronchioles
increases BP
increases Pulse (may cause palpitations)
anxiety/trembling/nausea/vomit
effects are of short duration

23
Q

3 things to verify on epipen before using it

A

6 rights of medications
medication is clear not cloudy
expiration date

24
Q

tip to remember how to use epipen

A

blue to the sky orange to the thigh

25
Q

accidental injection with used needle - 2 steps

A

squeeze injection site to force bleed
clean with soap + water or disinfectant

26
Q

accidental injection - sterile needle - 3 steps

A

hot compresses
downward position
immediately go to hospital ER

27
Q

best initial airway technique for non spinal injured athlete

A

head-tilt chin-lift

28
Q

name the 5 breathing devices

A

OPA
NPA
PM
NRB
BVM

29
Q

4 advantages of breathing devices

A

maintains an open airway
to perform rescue breathing
limits the potential for disease transmission
increase the blood O2 concentration

30
Q

what is an OPA

A

oro-pharyngeal airway

31
Q

depth measurement of OPA

A

from ear lobe to corner of mouth

32
Q

breathing device used only on unconscious patients who do not have a gag reflex

A

OPA

33
Q

3 insertion techniques for OPA

A

90 degree
180 degree
tongue depressor

34
Q

what is an NPA

A

Nasopharyngeal airway

35
Q

breathing device used on semi-conscious or with trismus (jaw spasm)

A

NPA

36
Q

depth measurement of NPA

A

earlobe to tip of the nose (or middle top lip or proximal nares)

37
Q

NPA - left or right nares ? towards or away from the septum?

A

right nares towards the septum

38
Q

When is it okay to use the igel?

A

only after the 6th minute with a cardiac arrest (no breathing no pulse) if other methods have not worked

39
Q

Where is the upper lung sound placement?

A

under clavicle

40
Q

where is the lower lung sound placement?

A

axillary line under the nipple

41
Q

can we insert supra-glottic airway device if victim is side-lying?

A

YES - to secure airway

42
Q

procedure to use suctioning device

A

protect airway (turn to side if no spinal/roll if spinal)
open mouth remove OPA, NPA and mouth guard
remove large debris

43
Q

max time for adult suctioning

A

15 sec

44
Q

max time for child suctioning

A

10 sec

45
Q

max time for baby suctioning

A

no more than 5 sec

46
Q

Suction on the way in or out

A

OUT

47
Q

in the mouth - Suction farther than what you can visualize

A

false , only as far as you can visualize

48
Q

for the nose, use a small or large catheter? how do you measure

A

small bore catheter
measure same as for an NPA

49
Q

in the nose - suction farther than what you can visualize

A

blind suctioning, do not go too far

50
Q

two types of catheter for suction

A

rigid
soft

51
Q

urgent suction intervention steps

A

if supine and actively vomiting
-turn head to the side + pull out OPA
- visualize and use rigid catheter
- if spinal suspected, first log roll, keep on side
- suction as long as they are vomiting

52
Q

non-urgent suction interventions steps

A

if presence of some fluid in NPA, nose, mouth, beside OPA
- suction whenever any sounds/gurgling is heard before it is an issue
- suction 15 sec adult, 10 sec child, 5 sec baby
- advanced airway should be suctioned soon after insertion as a precaution

53
Q

do you remove the OPA before or after the emergency log roll?

A

after the roll

54
Q
A

cata 462 - advanced e care (13 decks)

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