Plant Structure and their functions Flashcards
Enumerate the different root systems
Taproot system
Fibrous (Diffuse) root system
Adventitious roots
A strongly developed main root which grows downwards bearing lateral roots much smaller than itself
Taproot system
Root systems modified for reaching deep water in the ground
Taproot system
This root system has several to many roots of the same size that develop from the end of the stem with smaller lateral roots branching off of them
Fibrous (Diffuse) system
These plants are excellent for preventing erosion
Fibrous (Diffuse) System
Roots that develops in unusual places
Adventitious roots
Common along rhizomes of ferns, club mosses and horsetail
Adventitious roots
In some plants, they are primary means of vegetative reproduction
Adventitious roots
In some plants, they are primary means of vegetative reproduction
Adventitious roots
A covering of cells over the root tip that protects delicate meristematic tissues directly behind it
Root cap
An extension of an epidermal cell of a root that increases absorptive capacity of the root
Root hair
True or False: Root caps are only present in some root tips
False, each root tip has a root cap
A protective thimble-like layer
root cap
What does the root cap cover
The delicate root apical meristem
Short-lived unicellular extension
Root hair
cellular extensions of ___________ near the growing tip
Epidermal cells
Increases the surface area of root in contact with moist soil, increasing root’s absorptive capacity
Root hair
Vascular tissues are found in the center of the plant
Dicot
The vascular tissues are scattered
Monocot
Enumerate the roots with unusual functions
• Prop Roots
• Buttress Roots
• Pneumatophores
An adventitious root that arises from the stem and provides additional support for the plant.
Prop root
Holds the trees upright and aid in the extensive distribution of the shallow roots.
Buttress
A specialized aerial root produced by certain trees living in swampy habitats
Pneumatophore
contains thick, tough tissue, and live for more than a year
Woody stems
contains soft, green, juicy tissues and live for one year.
Herbaceous Stems
an underdeveloped shoot that contains an embryonic meristem
Bud
bud at the end of stem
Terminal
bud on the side of the stem
Anxillary
the area on stem where one or more leaves is attached.
Node
the area on a stembetween two successive nodes.
Internode