Ch 1.2 What are the major internal forces and processed affecting the earth? What are the resultant landforms/ features? Flashcards
Where does compressional force generate at?
Convergent plate boundary.
Where does tensional force generate at?
Divergent plate boundary.
Where does shearing force generate at?
Transform plate boundary.
What are the types of fold?
- Simple fold.
- Asymmetrical fold (titled axis)
- Overfold (One limb is pushed over the other)
- Recumbent fold (Axis is parallel to the limb)
- Overthrust fold (Rock breaks)
What are the young fold mountains in the world?
- Alps in Europe.
- Himalayas in Asia.
- Rockies in North America.
- Andes in South America.
What are the old fold mountains in the world?
- Appalachians in North America
- Ural Mountains in Russia.
- Aravalli Range in India.
- Great Diving Range in Australia.
Describe the relationship between the distributions of fold mountains and distributions of plate boundaries.
Fold mountains are mostly found at convergent plate boundaries, where compressional force occurs.
Name the characteristics of fold mountains.
- It continues to rise more than 1 cm per year.
- It forms the highest peak in the world which is the Mount Everest.
- High steep rugged in relief parallel to the plate boundary.
- Elongated in shape like the Himalayas stretches 2900km long made up of sedimentary rock and it contains fossil.
Comparison between the old fold mountains and the young fold mountains.
- For young fold mountains, the formation period is in recent origin but for the old fold mountains is formed long time ago.
- Young fold mountains have a higher height while old fold mountains have a lower height.
- Young fold mountains have a steeper slope and deeper valleys, it also have pointed peaks, while old fold mountains have gentle hill, no pointed peaks due to continuous erosional activities.
- Both the fold mountains’ formation rock is sedimentary rock.
- Young fold mountains are usually near to the plate boundaries while the old fold mountains are away from the plate boundaries.
- Young fold mountains often have tectonic hazards and old fold mountains have rare tectonic hazards.
When does normal fault normally occur in?
It occurs with tensional force in divergent plate boundary.
Where does reverse fault occur in?
It occurs with compressional force with convergent plate boundary.
How do the footwall block and hanging wall block move with tensional force?
Footwall block rises up along the fault plane and hanging wall block slides down along the fault plane.
How do the footwall block and hanging wall block move in reverse fault?
The hanging wall block rises along the fault plane and the footwall block slides down along the fault plane.
How do rocks move in shearing force?
Rocks slide past each other horizontally.
What is vulcanicity?
Process related to the occurrence and movement of magma.
