Anaerobic Respiration Flashcards
What processes stop when oxygen isn’t present?
The link reaction, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain.
Without oxygen, what will happen to oxidative phosphorylation?
What are the consequences of this?
Oxidative phosphorylation will stop so ATP will not be produced.
Without oxygen, what will not be able to happen to reduced NAD and FAD?
Reduced NAD and FAD will not be able to be oxidised by an electron carrier.
Which stage of respiration can only happen in anaerobic respiration?
Glycolysis
Oxidation of which coenzyme allows for small amounts of ATP to still be produced in glycolysis?
Reduced NAD. This allows for furthur hydrogen transport which means small amounts of ATP are still produced.
What anaerobic pathway do yeast and microorganisms use?
Ethanol fermentation.
What anaerobic pathway do animal cells use?
Lactate fermentation.
Describe how reduced NAD is used to form ethanol.
Reduced NAD transfers it’s hydrogens to ethanal to form ethanol.
During the 1st step of ethanol fermentation, which molecule from glycolysis is decarboxylated?
Pyruvate is decarboxylated to ethanal which produces CO2.
During ethanol fermentation, what is the ethanal reduced by?
Ethanal is reduced to ethanol by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase.
In the lactate fermentation pathway, reduced NAD transfers its hydrogens to?
Pyruvate.
In the lactate fermentation pathway, pyruvate is reduced by what enzyme?
What happens to the hydrogen atoms?
Lactate dehydrogenase.
Hydrogen atoms are accepted by pyruvate.
Reduction of pyruvate leads to the production of what molecule?
Lactate.
