week 2 teaching: anatomical terminology

Question 1

anatomical position

Answer 1

standing up straight, feet slightly apart, toes pointing forward, arms by the side of the body with palms of hand facing forward, head an eyes forward

Question 2

sagittal plane (anteroposterior plane)

Answer 2

vertical plane passing through the body longitudinally
splits into left and right

Question 3

midsagittal/ median plane

Answer 3

sagittal plane placed along the midline

Question 4

transerve plane

Answer 4

horizontal plane dividing body into superior and inferior

Question 5

coronal plane

Answer 5

vertical plane running side to side
divides body into anterior and posterior

Question 6

superior (cranial, rostral)

Answer 6

towards the head (cranium)

Question 7

inferior (caudral)

Answer 7

away from the head
towards tail/feet

Question 8

external (superficial)

Answer 8

towards the sufrace

Question 9

internal (deep)

Answer 9

away from the surface

Question 10

medial

Answer 10

towards midline of the body

Question 11

lateral

Answer 11

away from midline of the body

Question 12

anterior (ventral)

Answer 12

towards the front
venter:belly

Question 13

posterior (dorsal)

Answer 13

towards the back
dorsum: back

Question 14

proximal

Answer 14

towards the trunk of the body
only used for extrmeties

Question 15

distal

Answer 15

away from trunk of body
only used for extremeties

Question 16

axial skeleton

Answer 16

80 bones within the central core of the body
head, neck, back, chest

Question 17

appendicular skeleton

Answer 17

upper and lower extremeties

Question 18

three main parts of the axial skeleton

Answer 18

skull
thoracic cage
vertebral column

Question 19

two main parts of the appendicular skeleton

Answer 19

upper limb
lower limb

Question 20

upper limb

Answer 20

arm
forearm
hand

Question 21

lower limb

Answer 21

thigh
leg
foot region

Question 22

flexion

Answer 22

bending (closing joint)

Question 23

extension

Answer 23

stretching (opening joint)

Question 24

abduction

Answer 24

moving away from midline

Question 25

adduction

Answer 25

moving towards midline

Question 26

describing movement of fingers

Answer 26

median line drawn down third digit

Question 27

elevation

Answer 27

moving superiorly (shoulder)

Question 28

depression

Answer 28

moving inferiorly (shoulder)

Question 29

circumduction

Answer 29

combined movement of flexion, extension, abduction, adduction
can only be produced in ball and socket joints

Question 30

rotation of appendicular skeleton

Answer 30

lateral rotation

medial rotation

Question 31

rotation of vertabrae and spine

Answer 31

rotation

Question 32

supernation

Answer 32

palms turn anteriorly

Question 33

pronation

Answer 33

palms turn posteriorly

Question 34

eversion

Answer 34

elevation of the lateral margin of the foot

Question 35

inversion

Answer 35

elevation of the medial margin of the foot

Question 36

two main categories of joint

Answer 36

synovial
solid

Question 37

synovial joints

Answer 37

two bones held together by an articular capsule
allows for movement between two bones

Question 38

solid joints

Answer 38

allow for little to no movement between bones
fibrous: bones connected by fibrous connective tissue
cartilaginous: connected to cartilage

Question 39

types of synovial joints and their degrees of freedom

Answer 39

pane: 2
hinge: 1
ellipsoid/ condylar: 2
saddle: 2
pivot: 1
ball and socket: 3

Question 40

degrees of freedom

Answer 40

number of planes joint can move in