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Histology One > Cartilage > Flashcards

Cartilage Flashcards

1
Q

what are the connective tissues divided into

A

embryonic, soft, hard, and special connective tissue

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2
Q

what is type I

A

most abundant widely distributed

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3
Q

what is type II

A

hyaline and elastic cartilage

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4
Q

what is type III

A

recticual fibres

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5
Q

what is type IV

A

found in the basal lamina (does not form fibrils)

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6
Q

what is the composition connective tissue

A

semi rigid connective tissue
cartilage is avascular

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7
Q

how does cartilage get its nutrients

A

blood vessels surrounding connective tissue by diffusion through ECM

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8
Q

what does the cartilage lack

A

lacks lymphatic vessels and nerves

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9
Q

what are chondrocytes apart of

A

cells of cartilage

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10
Q

how is the extracellular cartilage shaped

A

amorphous (defined shapes)

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11
Q

what is type II fibres responsible for

A

provide mechanical stabillity

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12
Q

what allows deformation by compressive pressures

A

GAG’s and proteoglycans which attract water

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13
Q

what does chondroblats synthesize

A

ground substance and fibrous extracellular material

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14
Q

what does cartilage formation start with what

A

embryonic staellate mesenchymal cells

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15
Q

what does mesenchymal dfferentatie into

A

chondroblasts

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16
Q

what does multiplcation of chondroblasts forms

A

clusters 4 to 6 cells

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17
Q

what condroblasts mature into what

A

chondrocytes

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18
Q

what does chondrocytes maintian what

A

cartilage matrix

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19
Q

what are the stages of cartilage growth and where does it happen

A

appositional growth - at the edge
intersitial growth - within the matric

20
Q

what does the perichondrium form

A

chondrogenic cells

21
Q

what does chondorgenic cells differeinate into

A

chondroblasts

22
Q

what do chondroblasts deposit

A

layers of the matrix at the periphery of the cartilage

23
Q

what does the later stages of cartilage development

A

increases the thickness by appoisitonal growht

24
Q

what does the intersitial growth

A

by the mitosis of chondrcytes

25
Q

what does chondrotes divide and secrete in intersitial growth

A

matrix components and then move apart and become isolated in their individual lacunae

26
Q

what time does intersitial growth ocucr

A

ealry phases of cartialg formation

27
Q

how does cartilage repair if small injury

A

be repaired by activity of chondrogenic cells of perichondrium
these cells differentiate into chondroblasts migrate to the injured area and repair the defect by producing new cartilage matrix

28
Q

how does cartilage repair if large

A

perichondrial cells cannot repair
instead perichondrial fibroblasts produce a scar of dense connective tissue that fills the defect in the cartilage

29
Q

type of collagen fibres for hyaline

A

type II fibres

30
Q

type of collagen fibres for fibrocartialge

A

type I + II Fibres

31
Q

type of collagen fibres for elastic cartialge

A

type II fibres and elastic fibres

32
Q

which type of cells have a perichondrium

A

Hyaline - expect articualr cartilage and epiphyseal plates
Elastic - Does

33
Q

What are the main cells of hyaline cartilage

A

chondroblasts and chondrocytes

34
Q

what is the main cells for elastic

A

chondroblasts and chondrocytes

35
Q

what is the main cells for fibrocartialge

A

chondrocytes and fibroblasts

36
Q

type of fibres in ECM for hyaline

A

Type II collagen

37
Q

type of fibres in ECM for elastic

A

Type II collagen and Elastic fibres

38
Q

type of fibres in ECM for firbocartialge

A

Type I and Type II collagen

39
Q

What cartilages undergoes calcification

A

Hyaline - during endochronral bone formation (old age)
Fibrocartilage - during bone repair

40
Q

Function of hyaline cartilage

A

resists compression
provides low friction surface for joints
strutucal support in respiratory
foundation for development of foetal skeleton

41
Q

functions for elastic cartilage

A

provides flexible support for soft tissue

42
Q

function fibrocartialge

A

resists deformation under stress

43
Q

where is hyaline found

A

trachea and bonrchi
articulating , coastal and nasal cartilage
circoid thyroid and arytenoid cartilages of larynx

44
Q

where is elastic found

A

pinna of the ear, epiglottis and autiodry tube

45
Q

where is fibrocartilage found

A

intervertebral disc , pubic symphysis, intra articular disc of the sternoclvaicular joint and intra particular disc of the tmd joint

Histology One (14 decks)

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